
Class 

Book___ 
G(wrightN". 



COPVRIGHT DEPOSm 



I 




REV. A. B. SIMPSON, 



Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

1889—1914 



A Popular Sketch 

of the 

CHRISTIAN AND MISSIONARY ALLIANCE 



By 



REV. G. P. PARDINGTON, PH. D. 

ri 



X 



CHRISTIAN ALLIANCE PUBLISHING CO. 

692 Eighth Avenue 

New York City 



Y(\ 



BX&7D0 



Copyright 1914. 
CHRISTIAN ALLIANCE PUBLISHING CO. 



NOV 30 1914 



To 
Rey. and Mrs. A. B. Simpson 

Whose lives of Faith, Love and Sacrifice 

are interwoven with these 

Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

this volume is 

respectfully and affectionately inscribed 



PREFACE. 

A brief word of explanation on two points is due 
from the writer to his readers. 

First, with one or two notable exceptions, no ref- 
erence has been made to the part played in the 
history by living workers, either in the Homeland or 
in the Foreign Field. This omission has been inten- 
tional. The writer yields to no one in love of his 
brethren in the ALLIANCE. Moreover, no one 
appreciates, more fully than he, the fact that the 
record of our Quarter Century has in good measure 
been written by their noble, faithful and efficient lives. 
But the object of this memorial volume has not been 
to exploit the living, but to commemorate the dead. 
Indeed, the aim has been to make the history a 
record, not of human personalities, but of Divine 
Providences. 

Second, no pains has been spared to make the 
Memorial chapter as complete as possible. In some 
instances, however, the facts could not be ascertained. 
On one mission field, for example, a personal search 
was intituled, but no records could be found to sup- 
ply the needed information. Nevertheless, sincere re- 
gret is expressed for any gaps or mistakes in the work. 
For the gathering and arranging of much of the 
material of the Memorial chapter, the writer hereby 
acknowledges his indebtedness to the minute and 
painstaking researches of his wife. 



Introduction. 

I feel some natural hesitation in intro- 
ducing a volume which in the nature of 
things so intimately and yet so unavoid- 
ably concerns my personal life and work. 
It would have been false modesty to have 
forbidden in a record of the past twenty- 
five years the references which so directly 
concern myself. At the same time I may be 
allowed to say that I have been kindly ex- 
cused from any part whatever in writing 
or even contributing to this review. In 
looking over the proof with a view to pre- 
paring this introduction I have taken the 
liberty of correcting any inaccuracies 
which my better knowledge of the facts en- 
abled me to appreciate. Otherwise the 
work is wholly due to the painstaking loy- 
alty, and distinguished ability of my be- 
loved brother, Doctor Pardington. 

No one probably can realize so fully as 
myself the wonderful touch of God in the 
story of these twenty-five years. Indeed, 



8 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

the springs and sources of this work go 
back to a somewhat earlier period. I can 
well remember the nights I walked up and 
down the sandy beach at Old Orchard, 
Maine, in the summer of 1881, now thirty- 
three years ago, and asked God in some 
way to raise up a great missionary move- 
ment that would reach the neglected fields 
of the world, and utilize the neglected 
forces of the church at home as was not 
then being done. I little dreamed that I 
should have some little part in such a move- 
ment, but even then the vision was given of 
souls yet to be born like the stars of heaven 
and the sands upon that seashore. The 
movement has been wholly providential. 
Notwithstanding all its imperfections, the 
humble workers built better than they 
knew. Although the work is still but a be- 
ginning, yet we thank God for a conse- 
crated army of more than a thousand men 
and women in our home and foreign fields, 
whose supreme watchword is the fulness of 
Jesus for His people and the evangelization 
of the world in the present generation. 

The work has always looked to God alone 
for men and means, and in answer to be- 



Introduction 9 

lieving prayer it is our privilege to thank 
God for more than four millions of dollars 
already expended in our work of evangeli- 
zation. It would seem as if the time had 
come when we are justified in appealing to 
the larger constituency of our Christian 
brethren in all the evangelical churches for 
some expression of their fellowship and co- 
operation in a movement which has surely 
won the right to be accorded a place among 
the Christian forces of to-day. 

We trust that the story of these eventful 
years, as told so simply and yet impressive- 
ly by the gifted writer of this volume, will 
so second and emphasize this appeal that 
the work shall be strengthened by a wide 
circle of new and helpful friends, and the 
testimony of what God hath wrought will 
encourage others in works of faith and la- 
bors of love. 

The volume begins with a discriminating 
survey of the religious conditions out of 
which the Alliance movement crystallized 
a generation ago, and then traces with 
rapid but graphic touch the early history 
of the movement and the beginning of the 
local work in New York City with the 



lo Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

great circle of national and international 
conventions which gradually followed, 
leading at length to the incorporation of 
the two societies respectively for home and 
foreign work in 1889 and 1890. Then fol- 
lows a statement of the fundamental prin- 
ciples and the specific testimony of the 
Christian Alliance, a testimony which has 
found expression in the well known 
phrase, 'The Fourfold Gospel." Doctor 
Pardington points out the important place 
of this testimony as ''present truth" and 
the need of this great and living message 
in all the churches to-day. His clear and 
comprehensive statement is of great value 
in establishing the true and permanent 
place of this providential movement and 
guarding it against misconstruction and 
prejudice. 

The volume continues the story of the 
gradual shaping of the entire policy of the 
work culminating in 1897 in the consolida- 
tion of the two societies and the reorgani- 
zation of the work under its present name as 
The Christian and Missionary Alliance. 
The constitution and polity of the society 
are carefuly outlined. 



Introduction ii 

Perhaps the most interesting chapters are 
two that are devoted to the history of our 
missionary work and the sketching of its 
rapid expansion and present condition in 
nearly a score of great mission fields. The 
final chapter has a sacred interest to many 
as a brief memorial of more than one hun- 
dred consecrated lives that have joined our 
roll of honor during the past thirty years. 

The volume is fully illustrated with a 
number of cuts representing the work, in- 
cluding several groups of our departed mis- 
sionaries. The Society is deeply indebted 
to Doctor Pardington for this valuable con- 
tribution to the permanent literature of the 
work and the painstaking care with which 
he has saved from oblivion many records 
which in the coming years will be of in- 
creasing interest and value to the friends 
of the work. 



Chapter I 

A STUDY IN ORIGINS 

^J|K HE Christian and Missionary Alliance 
\tU is not an isolated movement. It has 
spiritual kinships and historic origins. 

THE SILVER THREAD OF TRUTH AND GRACE. 

God has never left Himself without wit- 
nesses. Running through the Christian cen- 
turies is what may be called the silver thread 
of truth and grace. This is composed of 
companies of believers who have empha- 
sized in their teaching and exemplified in 
their living the primitive truth and testi- 
mony of the New Testament. With this 
practically unbroken line of Apostolic piety 
and power the Christian and Missionary 
Alliance may claim close and vital spiritual 
kinship. 

Providential Movements of the Last 

Century. 
The last century witnessed the rise of five 
providential movements whose spirit and 



14 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

purpose fused and focused in the Christian 
and .Missionary AlHance. 

GOSPEL EVANGELISM. 

There was first the evangelistic move- 
ment to give the Gospel to the non-church 
going masses. Beginning perhaps with the 
work of Charles G. Finney, this movement 
found its conspicuous representatives in 
Moody and Sankey and in Whittle and 
Bliss, through whose combined ministry of 
Gospel preaching and Gospel singing both 
Great Britain and America were stirred with 
a great awakening and swept with a revival 
flame. Sluggish Christians were aroused. 
BacksHders were reclaimed. Sinners were 
saved. Multitudes to-day in all walks of 
life date their conversion to God or full 
consecration to His service to this evangel- 
istic movement of a generation or more ago. 

HOLINESS. 

Next in natural order came the Holiness 
movement. The generation that witnessed 
the beginning of the Christian and Mission- 
ary Alliance witnessed also the beginning in 
the hearts of believers in both Europe and 
America of a new spirit of faith and trust 
in God. Inspired in part by the wonderful 



A Study in Origins 15 

work of George Muller there was a wide- 
spread hunger for the deepening of the spir- 
itual life and for the enduement of the Holy 
Ghost for holy living and efficient serving. 
In England Dr. Horatius Bonar and Frances 
Ridley Havergal by voice and pen were act- 
ive promoters of this movement. In this 
country Charles G. Finney stood quite as 
much for the entire sanctification of believ- 
ers as for the full salvation of sinners. In- 
deed, in many ways Mr. Finney's wide min- 
istry seems to have been a forerunner of the 
work of the AlHance. A little later Dr. and 
Mrs. Palmer, of New York, were prominent 
advocates of Scriptural holiness. 

DIVINE HEALING. 

The third movement of the last century 
was the revival of the Scriptural truth and 
practice of Divine Healing. On the conti- 
nent the Home of Dorothea Trudel, in Min- 
nedorf, Switzerland, and the Home of Pas- 
tor Blumhardt, in Mottlingen, in the Black 
Forest of Germany, were scenes of the mar- 
velous restoration to health, by the healing 
power of Christ and in response to believ- 
ing prayer, of multitudes suffering from or- 
ganic diseases and incurable infirmities. 



i6 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

Similar instances of healing were witnessed 
under the ministry of Pastor Schwenk of 
Germany, Pastor Stockmeyer of Hauptweil, 
Switzerland, and Dr. W. E. Boardman and 
Mrs. M. Baxter at Bethshan, London. In 
this country, when the AlHance was organ- 
ized. Dr. Charles Cullis, in his Faith Work, 
in Boston, Carrie F. Judd (now Carrie Judd 
Montgomery), in her Faith Rest in Buffalo, 
and "Father" Allen, of New England, be- 
sides Mrs. Mix and others, were being won- 
derfully used of God in the complete heal- 
ing of countless persons afflicted with sick- 
nesses and infirmities beyond the reach of 
medical or surgical aid. 

FOREIGN MISSIONS. 

The supreme movement of the last cen- 
tury was the great missionary awakening. 
Receiving its impulse and inspiration from 
the spirit and labors of William Carey, the 
holy zeal and consecrated enthusiasm of the 
little band of students in Williamstown, 
Massachusetts, who started "the haystack 
prayer meeting," aroused the evangelical 
churches of America to a new and deepened 
sense of their obligation to give the Gospel 



A Study in Origins i? 

to the heathen world. Since that wonderful 
year of 1810 there has been a steadily rising 
tide of missionary praying, missionary giv- 
ing, and missionary going. 

THE lord's return. 

The crowning spiritual movement of the 
last century was the renewed interest in the 
personal, pre-millennial, and imminent re- 
turn of the Lord Jesus. In Europe the lead- 
ers in advocacy of Scriptural Holiness and 
Divine Healing have stood also for the most 
part for the truth of the Lord's return. In 
this country Dr. James H. Brooks, of Saint 
Louis, and Dr. A. J. Gorden, of Boston, 
were in the forefront of this precious move- 
ment which has refreshed and blessed the 
whole body of Christ. 

The fact that the Christian and Mission- 
ary Alliance in its teaching and testimony 
embodies and exemplifies the spirit and pur- 
pose of these five spiritual movements of 
the nineteenth century is a witness at once 
to its providential inception, its Scriptural 
foundation, and its complete adaptation to 
meet and satisfy the varied needs of spirit, 
soul, and body. 



i8 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

Sketch o^ the Earlier Life of the 
Rev. a. B. Simpson. 

From the beginning the Christian and 
Missionary Alliance to a remarkable degree 
has been an impersonal movement; that is, 
it is a movement not so much of human 
leadership as of Divine truths and spiritual 
forces. At the same time, its origin cannot 
be understood apart from the Lord's deal- 
ings with its founder and president. 

early years. 
Albert B. Simpson was born December 
15, 1844, at Bay View, Prince Edward's 
Island, Dominion of Canada. He came of 
Scotch Presbyterian ancestry, his parents 
being James and Jane (Clark) Simpson. 
When Albert was about three years old the 
family removed to Kent County, Western 
Ontario, the boy receiving his early educa- 
tion at the Chatham High School. With the 
ministry in view young Simpson and his 
brother, the late Rev. W. H. Simpson, en- 
tered Knox College, Toronto, the former 
being graduated in 1865 and the latter in 
1866. It is of curious interest to note that 
during his seminary days Mr. Simpson 



A Study in Origins 19 

wrote a prize paper in favor of infant bap- 
tism. 

HAMILTON, ONTARIO. 

In 1865 Mr. Simpson was married to Miss 
Margaret L. Henry, of Toronto. The same 
year he was ordained to the Christian min- 
istry and installed as pastor of Knox 
Church, the second strongest United Pres- 
byterian church in Canada. Here he re- 
mained for about eight years, the member- 
ship of the church growing from three hun- 
dred to seven hundred. 

LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY. 

Owing to the ill effects of the rigorous 
climate of Western Ontario upon his health, 
late in the fall of 1873 Mr. Simpson ac- 
cepted a unanimous invitation to the Chest- 
nut Street Presbyterian Church, in Louis- 
ville, Kentucky, beginning his pastorate 
early in 1874, 

There were in Louisville northern and 
southern churches of the same evangelical 
denominations. Through the instrumental- 
ity of Mr. Simpson the pastors of these dif- 
ferent churches for the first time since the 
civil war united in 1875 in inviting Whittle 



20 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

and Bliss to hold a Gospel campaign in the 
city. As a result Louisville was visited with 
a great religious awakening. Mr. Simpson 
himself was deeply stirred by these meet- 
ings and the Lord gave him an intense de- 
sire to preach the Gospel to the non-church 
going masses. Failing to obtain the sup- 
port of other pastors, Mr. Simpson and his 
church alone undertook to carry on an 
evangelistic campaign among the unsaved. 
For two winters every Sunday night he 
preached, first in Public Library Hall and 
then in Macauley's Theater. Indeed, at this 
time Mr. Simpson was convinced that the 
Lord wanted him to lead the life of an evan- 
gelist. 

During the Whittle and Bliss campaign 
Mr. Simpson and his people realized the 
need of a building more centrally located 
and more generally adapted to reach the 
non-church going middle classes. The out- 
come of much praying and planning was the 
Broadway Tabernacle (afterwards the War- 
ren Memorial Church), one of the most 
beautiful and commodious structures for 
religious purposes in the country. 

But in the midst of his arduous labors and 



A Study in Origins 21 

from the long strain of overwork Mr. Simp- 
son's health broke. While resting he expe- 
rienced a touch of the Lord's life for his 
body. He also gave serious thought to issu- 
ing an illustrated missionary magazine. 

NEW YORK CITY. 

In 1880 Mr. Simpson accepted a unani- 
mous call to the Thirteenth Street Presby- 
terian Church, New York City. By invita- 
tion of the pastor, the Rev. Dr. Burchard he 
had previously preached there when a dele- 
gate to the Evangelical Alliance. His chief 
reason in removing from Louisville to New 
York was the publication of the missionary 
iournal which was on his heart. During the 
two years he was pastor of the Thirteenth 
Street Church Mr. Simpson passed through 
the great spiritual and ministerial crisis of 
his Ufe. 

ILLUSTRATED MISSIONARY MAGAZINE. 

Soon after going to New York Mr. Simp- 
son began the publication of his projected 
illustrated missionary magazine. The Lros- 
pel in All Lands," which was transferred in 
1881, to Rev. Eugene Smith and afterwards 
issued by the missionary society of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church. 



^2 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

NON-CHURCH GOING MASSES. 

The vast throngs of non-church goers in 
New York City were laid heavily on Mr. 
Simpson's heart. He desired to preach the 
Gospel to them on the street or in public 
halls, as he had done in Louisville. He made 
a personal canvass of the ninth ward, visiting 
every home. In his praying and planning 
he conceived a church without pew rents 
and for all classes and conditions of men, 
something like Newman Hall's church, or 
Spurgeon's Tabernacle, in London, Eng- 
land. 

BAPTISM BY IMMERSION. 

In 1881 Mr. Simpson began to be troubled 
in his mind about the question of baptism. 
He became deeply impressed, and in his 
closet laid the whole matter before the 
Lord with a prayer for light. He was led 
carefully and prayerfully to compare all the 
Scripture passages on the subject, reaching 
the conclusion that he should be baptized by 
immersion. Accordingly, in obedience to 
his conscience and before he met the Pres- 
bytery of his church he was quietly bap- 
tized in the manner he believed to be taught 
in the Word of God. In a personal state- 



A Study in Origins 23 

ment to his people soon afterwards Mr. 
Simpson said that he regarded baptism as a 
matter of individual conscience, that he had 
no wish to argue or even agitate the matter, 
and that he was not free to unite with an- 
other denomination which made baptism by 
immersion a term of communion. 

PHYSICAL HEALING. 

In 1881 the Lord healed Mr. Simpson of 
serious heart trouble. It happened on this 
wise. He spent part of his vacation that 
summer at Saratoga Springs. He was bro- 
ken in health and discouraged in spirit. 
Wandering along the street he approached 
the Park where a band of Jubilee Singers 
were singing. Their song deeply impressed 
his mind and strangely warmed his heart: 
''Nothing is too hard for Jesus, 
No man can work like Him." 

A few months later at Old Orchard, Me., 
he took the Lord definitely as his healer. 

Through this simple and quaint melody 
the Holy Spirit spoke to Mr. Simpson. At 
the time of his healing Mr. Simpson tells us 
he made a threefold covenant with the 
Lord: First, he planted his feet firmly on 
the truth of Divine healing, as revealed in 



24 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

the Scriptures. Second, he definitely ap- 
propriated the Lord's life for his body, in- 
deed, taking the Lord not only for every 
need of mind and body, but also for every 
pressure and emergency of his work. And 
third, he received this truth and this life 
from the hands of the Lord in solemn trust 
and sacred ministry for others. 

WITHDRAWAL FROM CHURCH AND MINISTRY. 

Late in 1881 Mr. Simpson resigned the 
pastorate of his church and withdrew his 
membership from the New York presbytery. 
In taking this step he was influenced by the 
call of God to give the Gospel to the non- 
church going classes. 

Reluctantly the Thirteenth Street Church 
consented to allow its pastor to retire, for 
their mutual relations were cordial and af- 
fectionate. Indeed, in leaving Mr. Simpson 
earnestly urged his people not to follow l;i,m, 
but to remain and work together for the best 
interests of the church. Reluctantly more- 
over the New York presbytery consented to 
Mr. Simpson's withdrav/al of membership, 
for his relations with that body were har- 
monious and fraternal. 



A Study in Origins 25 

TEPE GOSPEL TABERNACLE, NEW YORK CITY. 

The Gospel Tabernacle, of New York 
City, has been the fostering mother of the 
Christian and Missionary Alliance. Indeed, 
just as the Tabernacle is the expression in 
concrete form of the spiritual convictions 
and providential experiences of its pastor, so 
the AlHance is a projection, on a world-wide 
scale, of the Tabernacle. 

ORGANIZATION. 

In November, 1881, Mr. Simpson resigned 
the pastorate of the Thirteenth Street 
Church. Soon after he began to hold Gos- 
pel services in Caledonian Hall, a dance 
hall on Thirteenth Street, opposite Jackson 
Square. *'At the first meeting Mr. Simpson 
invited all who desired to co-operate in the 
new evangelical work to meet for prayer 
during the week. He also stated that sim- 
ply depending on God for the pecuniary 
support of himself and family, and the 
means necessary to carry on the work, he 
should not apply to any human channel for 
aid, and should only accept the voluntary of- 
ferings of those who wished to assist by 
their contributions. From the very begin- 
ning the presence of the Holy Ghost was 



26 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

graciously manifested in constant conver- 
sions." February lo, 1882, the little flock 
met at Mr. Simpson's residence and formal- 
ly organized in the name of the Lord Jesus 
a church consisting of thirty-five members. 
The following Sunday they with a number 
of other persons sat down for the first time 
together at the Lord's Table. The same 
year the society was incorporated as an in- 
dependent church, ''organized for the espe- 
cial purpose of Gospel work, particularly 
among the neglected classes, both at home 
and abroad.'' 

CHANGES OF LOCATION. 

For seven years, like the children of Israel 
in the wilderness, the little flock pitched its 
tent wherever the providence of God di- 
rected. The work of the church has been 
carried on in the following places : Cale- 
donian Hall, Academy of Music, Steinway 
Hall, Abbey's Park Theater, Grand Opera 
Hall, Madison Square Garden, Gospel tents 
in Twenty-third Street, Thirtieth Street, 
and Fifty-fifth Street, Twenty-third Street 
Theater, Madison Avenue Tabernacle, 
Standard Hall, and the Gospel Tabernacle, 
Eighth Avenue, near Forty-fourth Street. 



A Study in Origins 2^ 

These many removals and the strange vicis- 
situdes would have destroyed the work, un- 
less it had been of God. Three of the 
changes call for special note. 

Centrally located on West Twenty-third 
Street, near Sixth Avenue, was an old ar- 
mory building, the two lower floors being 
used as a livery stable. Twice Mr. Simp- 
son tried to secure this building. The sec- 
ond time he found that it had been leased 
for five years by Salmi Morse for the pro- 
duction of the blasphemous "Passion Play." 
A member of the church, a woman, prayed : 
"O Lord Jesus, make the carpenters fit up 
that place for us. Make the Passion people 
decorate and furnish it for us. We cannot 
afiford to pay $15,000 to do it ourselves." At 
the re-dedication of the Twenty-third Street 
Theater as a church in 1884, Mr. Simpson 
said: "God did put His hand upon it, and 
He did stop the public production of that 
play. After spending $70,000 in remodelling 
the building the project broke down and 
the company gave up the lease. They of- 
fered to sell us their improvements for 
$5,000. We prayed over it, but God stopped 
us from going too fast. The building was 



28 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

finally put into the market and sold at auc- 
tion, and the gentleman bought who we 
prayed would buy it. The result is that we 
have been enabled to come in here without 
paying a penny for the improvements." 

In 1886 Mr. Simpson and his people went to 
the Madison Avenue Congregational Church, 
corner of Forty-fifth Street. This was a 
huge iron structure built for Dr. George H. 
Hepworth and afterwards occupied by Dr, 
(later Bishop) John P. Newman, of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church. This edifice 
was occupied for about three years, and then 
sold because the neighborhood was unsuited 
to carry on evangelistic work among the 
unsaved. 

In 1889 the present Gospel Tabernacle 
was erected. The location and structure 
are well adapted to the varied work of the 
church. The building is situated on the 
east side of Eighth Avenue, near the corner 
of 44th Street. The front of the structure 
is occupied by stores, while above them rises 
the Missionary Home and the official rooms 
of the Christian and Missionary Alliance. 
Immediately in the rear of the stores stands 
the Tabernacle with its two chapels. It is 



A Study in Origins 29 

semi-circular, and seated to accommodate 
about 1,000 persons. 

DEPARTMENTS OF THE WORK AND AUXILIARY 
AGENCIES. 

From the first the work of the Tabernacle 
was not designed as a mission to the lowest 
and vicious classes, but as a self-supporting 
work among the middle classes who have 
no home. But as the providence of God di- 
rected, a network of related departments and 
auxiliary agencies to meet the varied needs 
of all classes and conditions of men came 
into existence. A few of these may be men- 
tioned : 

Berachah Home for rest and healing be- 
gan its work in 1883 at 331 West Thirty- 
fourth Street. 

Berachah Mission at Tenth Avenue and 
Thirty-second Street, in what was known as 
"Heirs Kitchen," was opened in 1885. There 
were Gospel Missions also on Eleventh 
Avenue and on South Street. 

One of the first institutions was a home 
for fallen women in West Twenty-seventh 
Street, where many of the wretched women 
who crowded that part of the city were 
saved. 



30 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

The New York Missionary Training Col- 
lege for evangelists, missionaries, and Chris- 
tian workers was started in 1883, the early 
classes being held on the stage of the old 
Twenty-third Street theater. The first com- 
mencement was held in the spring of 1884, 
and in November of the same year the first 
missionary party of seven sailed for the 
Congo. 

In 1888 Berachah Orphanage was opened 
for the purpose of providing a home for 
those left destitute of parental care. 

One of the earliest organizations was the 
German branch of the Tabernacle. 

Soon after discontinuing "The Gospel in 
!A11 Lands," Mr. Simpson began the publi- 
cation of "The Word, Work, and World," 
an illustrated magazine. This journal com- 
pleted its ninth volume in 1887. 

SPIRITUAL AND PERMANENT RESULTS. 

From the beginning the Tabernacle hai 
been a veritable beehive of Christian activ- 
ity. The inworking and outworking of spir- 
itual forces cannot be computed in numbers 
nor expressed in rhetoric. But a few strik- 
ing facts may be noted: 



A Study in Origins 31 

The accepted motto of the Tabernacle 
from the start seems to have been a work 
for every one and every one at work. In ad- 
dition to the associated departments and 
auxiliary agencies of the church, the conse- 
crated energies of the members, particularly 
of the young people, have been directed to 
holding open air meetings, services in jails, 
hospitals, on shipboard in the harbor, and 
in many other places, wherever in fact doors 
of opportunity are opened by the providence 
of God. 

Multitudes were converted at the tent 
meetings in the early years, while at the 
regular services of the Tabernacle souls 
are constantly being saved. The message 
of the Tabernacle pulpit has always been 
the fulness of Jesus for body, soul, and 
spirit, and the baptism of the Holy Ghost 
for effective Christian service at home and 
abroad. 

First in the early tent meetings and at 
the pastor's residence and later in Berachah 
Home hundreds were healed of hopeless 
diseases and incurable infirmities. Suffer- 
ers from consumption, tumor, cancer, and 
other fatal maladies were completely and in 



32 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

many instances instantly healed by simple 
faith through the power of the living. Christ. 
Friday afternoon at three o'clock a Divine 
Healing meeting is held in the Tabernacle. 
In Greater New York and indeed through- 
out the entire country the "Friday Meeting" 
is as well known as the famous Fulton 
Street Noon Prayer Meeting. It has from 
the beginning witnessed the healing of hun- 
dreds of persons sufifering from chronic dis- 
eases and confirmed invalidism. Out of the 
work of healing in the early years grew a 
volume of remarkable testimonies, called 
'The Cloud of Witnesses.'' 

Naturally many Christians from other 
churches have been drawn to the Taber- 
nacle. Such have always been welcomed, 
and many have been among the staunchest 
friends and supporters of the work. But 
from the outset it has been the aim of the 
Tabernacle to create its own membership 
and establish its own constituency. The 
primary purpose has been to save souls. 
Then the new converts have been led on 
into the fulness of Jesus, taught to become 
soul-winners, and, where they have gifts and 
graces, trained for evangelistic work or mis- 



A Study in Origins 33 

sionary service. This is the Apostolic 
method. It has moreover a great practical 
advantage. New converts do not have to be 
delivered from the vain traditions of their 
fathers. They have no doctrinal preposses- 
sions or church prejudices to overcome. 
They are easily led into the deeper truths of 
sanctification, Divine Healing, and the 
Lord's return. Moreover, they take to Chris- 
tian work as a matter of course, and when 
truly called and anointed of God make suc- 
cessful evangelists and efficient missionaries. 



f 



Chapter II 
THE MARCH OF EVENTS 

1914 and 191 5 mark the quarter-centen- 
nial of the legal incorporation of the Inter- 
national Missionary Alliance and the Chris- 
tian Alliance, the two societies which after- 
wards became the Christian and Missionary 
Alliance. 

Twenty-five wonderful years! Truly, 
their record is written in heaven, and their 
•influence has gone out to the ends of the 
earth. What pen can fully compass or ade- 
quately portray the story of simple faith 
and mighty achievement, of faithful labor 
and heroic sacrifice. Out of the annals of 
the past there are five forward movements 
and historic events which must have spe- 
cial treatment and permanent record. 

INITIAL SPIRITUAL IMPULSE. 

It was inevitable that the varied work of 
the Gospel Tabernacle in New York City 
should become known far and wide. In- 
deed, countless letters of inquiry and re- 



The March of Events 35 

quests for prayer were received from all 
parts of the country, showing that God was 
creating in the hearts of His people a deep 
hunger for spiritual truth and physical help 
and an intense desire to meet in some prac- 
tical way the obligation to give the Gospel 
to the heathen world. To reach as far as 
possible this wider constituency it was de- 
cided to hold a summer assembly. Thus it 
came about that in in 1886 the first Old Or- 
chard Convention was held. 

A mile back from the seacoast at Old Or- 
chard, Maine, the configuration of the land 
has formed a vast amphitheater, capacious 
enough to seat several thousand persons. 
Here there was a famous camp ground, 
where for years the National Holiness As- 
sociation and other organizations held their 
annual assemblies. This indeed was the 
spot where Mr. Simpson had found the Lord 
as his Healer. Here Dr. Cullis, of Boston, 
had for many years held a larger summer 
meeting. But he had abandoned it for a 
new camp ground at Intervale, N. H. In 
1885 a deputation from Old Orchard con- 
sisting of Messrs. Luce and Chase visited 
New York and invited Mr. Simpson to take 



36 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

up that meeting at Old Orchard, and in the 
following summer he did so. Here in this 
beautiful and hallowed pine grove a large 
company of the Lord's people met in convo- 
cation, and for several days their hearts 
were stirred by teaching on the deeper 
Christian life and by the presentation of the 
needs of the heathen fields. It was indeed a 
mount of vision and inspiration. Both the 
leader and the people were moved by mighty 
spiritual forces, first in the direction of a 
bond of union and fellowship which would 
unite Christians of all evangelical churches 
who believed in the fulness of Jesus and in 
the baptism of the Holy Ghost, and second 
in the direction of a simple organization 
which would convert missionary consecra- 
tion and enthusiasm into practical measures 
for the speedy evangelization of the world. 

The following summer, 1887, at the sec- 
ond Old Orchard Convention, the spiritual 
forces and missionary impulses, which had 
so mightily stirred the assembly a year be- 
fore, found concrete expression in the or- 
ganization of the Christian Alliance and the 
Evangelical Missionary Alliance. 




OLD ORCHARD CAMP GROUND. 




TABERNACLE. OLD ORCHARD CAMP GROUND, 



The March of Events 37 

Legal Incorporation. 
From a legal standpoint, 1889 marks the 
beginning of Alliance history. On the sec- 
ond day of November of that year the Inter- 
national Missionary Alliance (formerly the 
Evangelical Missionary Alliance) was in- 
corporated. Moreover, on the nineteenth 
day of September, 1890, the Christian Alli- 
ance was incorporated. Both societies were 
incorporated according to the laws of the 
state of New York. 

CHRISTIAN ALLIANCE. 

In the certificate of incorporation it is 
stated "That the particular business and 
object of such Society are the wide diffu- 
sion of the Gospel in its fulness, the promo* 
tion of a deeper and higher Christian life, 
and the work of evangelization especially 
among the neglected classes by highway 
missions and other practical methods." 

INTERNATIONAL MISSIONARY ALLIANCE. 

In the certificate of incorporation it is 
stated 'That the particular business and ob- 
jects of such Society is the preaching of the 
Gospel in North America and in foreign 
lands, the promotion of evangelical domes- 
tic and foreign missions, and the training of 



38 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

missionaries for such domestic and foreign 
missionary work/' 

CONSOLIDATION OF THE TWO SOCIETIES. 

For seven or eight years the Christian 
Alliance and the International Missionary 
Alliance had a separate existence, doing 
their work along parallel lines. During this 
time there was a growing conviction that 
amalgamation would be to the mutual ad- 
vantage of both societies. In this annual 
report in the spring of 1896 the president 
said: 

*The proposed amalgamation, it is be- 
lieved, will greatly simplify the work of 
both Societies, reduce expenses, and pro- 
mote the efficiency of both. 

*The real objects of the two Societies 
are largely identical. The one is really the< 
complement of the other. The Christian 
Alliance is the sustaining constituency of 
the Missionary Alliance, and the Missionary 
Alliance is the outlet of the Christian Alli- 
ance. Hand in hand they have walked and 
worked together for the witness of Jesus 
and the evangelization of the neglected at 
home and abroad, and now God seems to 
proclaim the banns of a heavenly marriage, 



The March of Events 39 

and to say, 'What God hath joined together 
let not man put asunder/ '' 

THE CHRISTIAN AND MISSIONARY ALLIANCE. 

Oti the second day of April, 1897, an 
agreement for consolidation was effected be- 
tween the Christian Alliance and the Inter- 
national Missionary Alliance, the two Socie- 
ties being incorporated under the laws of 
the state of New York as The Christian 
AND Missionary Alliance. 

In the agreement for consolidation it is 
stated 'That the objects of the New Cor- 
poration shall be to bear witness to the 
Christian truths, especially those relating to 
the deeper Christian life, and at home and 
abroad to preach the Gospel; to evangelize 
the neglected classes, to establish and main- 
tain mission stations, to prosecute mission 
work, and to erect and to assist in erecting 
such buildings as may be necessary for such 
purposes/' 

It is also stated "That the date of the 
first annual corporate meeting of the New 
Corporation shall be Good Friday in the 
year 1898. 

In his first annual report of the new or- 



40 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

ganization, in the spring of 1898, the presi- 
dent said: 

'This year will be memorable as the first 
year of the consolidation of the Christian 
and Missionary Alliance. The union which 
was formally consummated a year ago has 
been getting into practical operation during 
the past twelve months. * * * 

''The year has been one of settling and 
stablishing and your president and board of 
managers are able to report that the work 
is now resting on a stronger and broader 
foundation than ever before. * * * 

"The hearts of our people and especially 
of our workers have been confirmed in a 
deep sense of our divine and heavenly call- 
ing as an Alliance, and we are going forth 
into another year with a profounder convic- 
tion of our sacred mission and a deeper 
unity and fellowship in this great trust than 
ever before." 

Nyack Heights. 
In 1897 Nyack Heights was founded as a 
new center of Alliance work. Nyack 
Heights is in the pretty village of South 
Nyack, Rockland County, New York, situ- 
ated on the right bank of the Hudson River 



The March of Events 41 

and about twenty-eight miles from Jersey 
City. 

The Nyack Heights Land and Improve- 
ment Company, which was incorporated in 
1897, purchased a tract of several acres on 
Old South Mountain with a view to its de- 
velopment for residential purposes and in- 
stitutional work. 

The outlook from the mountain side is 
unsurpassed. A panorama of the Hudson 
River valley for twenty miles lies spread out 
at one's feet. The entire region is famed in 
history and steeped in legend. Across the 
river are Ossining, Tarrytown, and Irving- 
ton, the heights beyond and above studded 
with costly and beautiful residences. Within 
sight are Lyndhurst, the summer home of 
Helen Gould Shepard, "Sunnyside," the old 
home of Washington Irving, Sleepy Hollow, 
made famous by Irving in "The Legend of 
Sleepy Hollow," and on Pocantico Hills the 
country estate of John D. Rockefeller. On 
the north at one's feet nestles the staid and 
quaint town of Nyack, guarded like a senti- 
nel by Hook Mountain. On the south opens 
the broad expanse of the Tappan-Zee, and 
beyond is the famous ridge of the Palisades 



42 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

along which the majestic Hudson sweeps 
onward to the sea. The River Road from 
Sparkill past the picturesque villages of 
Piermont and Grand View and on through 
Nyack up to Hook Mountain is a fascinating 
driveway of seven miles amid river, town, 
and valley scenery. A state road direct 
from New York City to Harriman Park in 
the Catskill Mountains is under construc- 
tion. This broad boulevard will sweep past 
the foot of Old South Mountain. 

Nyack Heights is the educational center 
of the Alliance. On the lower terrace near 
Hillside Avenue is the Wilson Memorial 
Academy with its adjoining gymnasium. 
This is a plain but attractive structure capa- 
ble of accommodating about one hundred 
boarding students. A little above is pretty 
Hdllside Chapel. Crowning the mountain 
side at an elevation of about four hundred 
feet is the familiar and substantial Mission- 
ary Institute, a building of noble and grace- 
ful proportions with accommodations for 
fully two hundred boarding students. To 
the north on the site of the old Tabernacle 
an Administrative and Recitation Hall has 
recently been erected. This simple and 



The March of Events 43 

commodious building is of an impressive 
style of architecture and presents a striking 
and beautiful appearance. Besides adminis- 
trative offices it contains an auditorium cap- 
able with adjoining rooms of seating about 
eight hundred persons. There are nearly a 
score of study, library, and class rooms. The 
building is steam heated, electrically light- 
ed, and when fully equipped will be admir- 
ably adapted in every way to the varied and 
important work of the Nyack Schools. 

Midway up the mountain side is Berachah 
Home, occupying the commodious and com- 
fortable residence formerly owned by Ross 
Taylor. The ample grounds and beautiful 
surroundings invest the place with a quiet 
and restful charm. 

Nyack Heights has become a residential 
center for many official workers and for a 
growing number of Alliance families. More 
than a dozen pretty cottages and beautiful 
residences already dot the Hillside. The 
pure water, the fresh mountain air, the rea- 
sonable price of land, the charming scenery, 
the quiet and comforts of country life, 
ready access to New York City, and the un- 
equalled educational advantages are among 



44 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

the chief compelling attractions of Nyack 
Heights. 

Prayer Conference on Truth and 

Testimony. 
In May, 1906, an important prayer con- 
ference on truth and testimony was held in 
connection with the Annual Council, at 
Nyack. In the official literature of course 
the truths for which the Alliance stands 
have always been unfolded with unmistak- 
able clearness and unvarying emphasis. But 
for a considerable time, on the part of some 
speakers at conventions, there had been a 
noticeable lack of agreement in the presen- 
tation of the doctrinal positions and dis- 
tinctive teachings of the movement. Be- 
cause of this fact, much confusion existed in 
the minds of many people as to exactly what 
the Alliance stands for and exactly what it 
does not stand for. Consequently, it was 
deemed wise to summon the leading teachers 
and official workers for season of prayer and 
conference as to the public presentation of 
Alliance truth and testimony. Various 
brethren read carefully prepared papers on 
the Fourfold Gospel, which were followed 
by open and informal discussion. The re- 



The March of Events 45 

suits of these days of prayer and conference 
were most gratifying. The atmosphere was 
cleared of confusion. Doctrinal bearings 
were freshly taken and newly emphasized. 
Since then, indeed, there has been a marked 
unity and clearness of Alliance teaching 
which has been felt for good in all parts of 
the work. 

New Constitution. 

In 1912, the Annual Council at Boone, 
Iowa, adopted a new constitution. By the 
natural process of extension and develop- 
ment many features of the polity of the old 
constitution had been outgrown. In his an- 
nual report at Boone the president said: 

"The changes proposed do not involve 
any modification of our testimony or spirit- 
ual life, but only concern the administration 
of the work. The new constitution aims 
specially at giving a larger responsibility 
and authority to the general Council, a more 
independent and automatic self-government 
to the different localities, and a more sys- 
tematic administration of the entire ex- 
ecutive work. It contemplates such a 
unification of our entire educational sys- 
tem as will secure a better grading of 



46 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

all the students, a more perfect and com- 
plete provision for the higher educa- 
tional training on the part of all who 
are qualified to receive it, greater economy 
of forces and resources by system and co- 
operation, and a more general development 
of local schools in various sections of the 
country/' 



Chapter III 

THE FULNESS OF JESUS 

^^ HE Gospel message of the Christian 
\i^ and Missionary Alliance is the Ful- 
ness of Jesus through the indwelling and 
power of the Holy Ghost to meet and satis- 
fy every need of spirit, soul, and body. 

Evangelical Basis. 

The doctrinal basis of the Alliance is 
strictly evangelical. In common with or- 
thodox Protestantism it unhesitatingly ac- 
cepts and unequivocally teaches the funda- 
mental truths of the Holy Scriptures. Aside 
from the Word of God it has no formal 
creed. 

declaration of faith and principles. 

At the same time, prospective mission- 
aries and applicants for membership must 
be prepared to sign the following simple 
declaration of faith and principles : 

**I believe in God the Father, Son, and 
Holy Ghost, in the verbal inspiration of the 



48 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

Holy Scriptures as originally given, in the 
vicarious atonement of the Lord Jesus 
Christ, in the eternal salvation of all who 
believe in Him and in the everlasting pun- 
ishment of all who reject Him. I believe in 
the Lord Jesus Christ as my Saviour, Sanc- 
tifier, Healer, and Coming Lord. I am in 
full sympathy with the principles and ob- 
jects of the Christian and Missionary Alli- 
ance, and shall earnestly endeavor to pro- 
mote them in every proper way/' 

Paramount Calling. 

But while evangelical in doctrinal basis, 
the Alliance has a paramount calling and a 
distinctive testimony: 

*Tre-eminently we are witnesses for 
Christ. We are glad to testify to Him be- 
fore we speak of His blessings or gifts to 
men. It is Christ as a Person, as a living 
reality, as the supreme fact of history and 
Life, Jesus Himself, who is the theme of our 
testimony. Soon He is to appear in the 
vivid and glorious revelation of His personal 
majesty, filling all earth and heaven. But 
meanwhile He is projecting His personality 
upon the age, upon the thought and heart of 
His people, and upon our individual lives, 



The Fulness of Jesus 49 

and He wants us to know Hlim, to represent 
Him, and to reveal Him to men. Above 
everything else this is a Christ movement. 
If we are saved it is Christ who saves us. 
If we are sanctified it is Christ who is made 
unto us sanctification. If we are healed it is 
because His life is in us. And the hope of 
the future is not the glory He is to reveal, 
but the return of the King Himself, our Be- 
loved and our Friend." 

In short, to give Christ to the sinner; to 
make Christ real to the believer; to present 
Christ in His fulness through the power of 
the indwelling Holy Ghost as the complete 
satisfaction of every need of spirit, mind, 
and body; to give Christ and the riches of 
His grace to the heathen world, — 'this is our 
special calling and distinctive testimony. In 
a word, the mission and message of the 
Christian and Missionary Alliance is to pro- 
claim neglected Scripture truth and to pros- 
ecute neglected Christian work both at 
home and abroad : — *'to give the whole Gos- 
pel to the whole world.'* 

The Fourfold Gospel. 
Once when Dr. Henry Wilson was in 



so Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

Canada a woman exultantly said to him, "I 
know what the 'fourfold Gospel' means. It 
means the four Gospels of Matthew, Mark, 
Luke, and John/' 

This of course is not the sense in which 
the words are used. Nor is the phrase a 
mathematical attempt to compass the bene- 
fits of the Gospel. The Gospel of Christ is 
manifold and its blessings are infinite. "The 
Fourfold Gospel" is simply a striking 
watchword, which expresses the paramount 
calling and distinctive testimony of the Al- 
liance. Thus it stands for the cardinal doc- 
trinal truths of the movement. 
CHRIST OUR SAVIOUR 
CHRIST OUR SANCTIFIER 
CHRIST OUR HEALER 
CHRIST OUR COMING LORD 

CHRIST OUR SAVIOUR. 

The primary message of the Alliance is 
the primary message of the Gospel, and that 
is to the sinner. We believe that man is a 
sinner, that the sinner is lost, and that there 
is no other name given under heaven and 
among men whereby a lost sinner can be 
saved but the Name of Jesus. Sin, it is held, 
is not an accident or an imperfection, not 



The Fulness of Jesus 51 

an amiable weakness or an infirmity, not 
misfortune or heredity. Sin is a terrible 
reality, a wilful transgression of Divine 
law, a wicked enmity of mind and aliena- 
tion of heart towards God. Sin has out- 
raged the holiness of God, whose justice de- 
mands satisfaction. The sinner is a rebel, 
under Divine condemnation and exposed to 
the just punishment of everlasting death. 

But while believing in the terrible reality 
of sin, the Alliance believes also in the 
glorious reaUty of the atonement for sin. 
We believe that God loves sinners, and gave 
His only-begotten to die for them. We be- 
lieve that Christ was ''delivered for our of- 
fences and raised again for our justification." 
We believe in the cross of Calvary and in 
the power of the blood to save men. 

The Alliance believes, furthermore, that 
God's offer of salvation is as wide as hu- 
manity and that His pardon and forgiveness 
are for all who truly repent of their sins and 
fully accept Christ as their Saviour. In- 
deed, we believe that ''the moment a sinner 
accepts this Gospel, his sins are forgiven, 
his soul is regenerated, he becomes a child 
of God, and an heir of glory, and has 'access 



$2 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

by faith into the grace wherein we stand/ 
and all the rights and privileges of the fam- 
ily of God." 

Most emphatically, the Alliance has no 
kinship or sympathy with modern methods 
of salvation by character or culture. Neither 
education nor reformation can change either 
the Ethiopian skin or the leopard spots of 
the sinner. Most emphatically, we do believe 
in spiritual regeneration, in the birth from 
above, in the new creature in Christ Jesus. 
Salvation gives life to the dead, the "dead 
in trespasses and sins'' ; and the sinner who 
accepts the Gospel of grace in Christ Jesus 
is thereby delivered from the power of dark- 
ness and translated into the kingdom of 
God. 

Thus the primary message of the Alli- 
ance is Christ our Saviour. Our first busi- 
ness for the King is the salvation of sinners. 
To win souls is our fundamental ministry. 
Indeed, to lie in wait for men like the Mas- 
ter Himself and with a wisdom and skill 
that are born from above to catch them in 
the net of the Gospel is the highest calling 
of the surrendered and consecrated Chris- 
tian. 



The Fulness of Jesus 53 

Every Alliance Branch, like every evan- 
gelical church, should be first and foremost 
a life-saving station for the salvation of 
souls. No Alliance leader or worker at 
home or abroad, and no pastor or evangelist 
is truly equipped for the Lord's vineyard un- 
less like the Master Himself, when he sees 
the multitude he is *'moved with compassion 
on them, because they faint and are as sheep 
having no shepherd/' Is it not unreason- 
able and inconsistent to be concerned for 
the salvation of heathen abroad and not be 
burdened for the conversion of sinners at 
home? Let no Alliance leader or member, 
no pastor or church member rest satisfied 
till he has experienced a deep and abiding 
spiritual birth travail. From every devout 
heart may the fervent prayer ascend, "Lord, 
give me a passion for souls." 

CHRIST OUR SANCTIFIER. 

The deeper message of the Alliance is the 
deeper message of the Gospel, and that is 
the entire sanctification of the spirit, soul, 
and body of the child of God. But it is our 
clear and unmistakable teaching that the life 
of entire sanctification is entered by a defi- 
nite experience, a definite experience which 



54 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

has been happily expressed "the crisis of the 
deeper Hie/* This crisis is marked, it is 
held, by the reception of the person of the 
Holy Ghost who brings Christ to indwell 
and possess the heart and life. And the only 
condition of receiving the Holy Spirit is a 
step of complete surrender and an act of 
appropriating faith. After this crisis ex- 
perience sanctification is, we believe, grad- 
ual in the sense of the development and full 
maturity of the life ''hid with Christ in 
God.'' Mighty is the transformation 
wrought by Divine regeneration, but this 
after all is only the initial experience of the 
Christian life. We get a good deal indeed, 
but we do not get everything, in regenera- 
tion. Nor does regeneration give the germ, 
the embryo, out of which by the process of 
growth and development every later phase 
of Christian experience is evolved. Regen- 
eration imparts a new Divine life, which 
takes away the love of sin; but sanctifica- 
tion brings a new Divine Person, who de- 
livers from the power of sin. Regeneration 
alone means constant struggle and certain 
defeat in warfare against the world, the flesh 
and the devil. But rest from struggle and 



The Fulness of Jesus 55 

victory in conflict are assured through the 
incoming of the Holy Spirit and the indwell- 
ing of the risen Christ. But this involves 
a new experience, a second definite work of 
grace, — a crisis as radical and revolutionary 
as the crisis of regeneration. In regenera- 
tion we pass out of death into life; but in 
sanctification we pass out of the self-life 
into the Christ life. In regeneration we re- 
ceive a new spirit; but in sanctification we 
receive the Holy Spirit. After the experi- 
ence of regeneration the Holy Spirit is with 
us; but through the experience of sanctifi- 
cation He is in us. In regeneration the Holy 
Spirit builds the temple; but in sanctifica- 
tion He moves in and occupies it. 

From the beginning it has been the spirit 
and aim of the Alliance not so much to 
preach doctrines as to preach Christ. 
It has been the desire to avoid the contro- 
versial side of disputed questions and to 
present "the fulness of Jesus for Christian 
life and service." Take, for example, the 
suggestive and attractive watchword : 
"Christ our Sanctifier." This simple phrase 
expresses at once the highest- fact and the 
profoundest philosophy of holiness. On this 



56 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

supremely important theme it is our mis- 
sion and our message to present the living 
Lord, who is "made unto us sanctification." 
So far as possible we leave the plane of 
abstract theory and rise to the subUme but 
practical truth of the indwelling Christ. We 
do not, therefore, emphasize inner states 
and subjective experiences so much as we 
emphasize the Lord. We would not mini- 
mize the blessing, but we would magnify the 
Blesser. We do not like to talk about "it," 
but we love to talk about "Him." 

But while emphasizing the person of 
Christ as the sanctifier of His people, the 
Alliance has always clearly and unmistak- 
ably stood for a "real genuine experience of 
righteousness of heart and life." Holiness 
is not a garment to conceal unrighteousness. 
It is not a veneering to hide a life spiritual- 
ly untransformed. Sanctification, we in- 
sist, means renewed character and righteous 
conduct. It involves a radical revolution in 
personality. There is a deep and abiding 
transformation in the temper of the mind, 
in the disposition of the heart and in the 
bent of the will. But the blessing of a 



The Fulness of Jesus 57 

clean heart is inseparable from the posses- 
sion of the clean heart by the Holy Spirit. 
Without His constant presence and full pos- 
session the cleansing of the heart would not 
be permanent. Sanctification is not ours 
apart from the person of Christ. We are 
holy only as we are in living union with the 
Holy One. When we get Him, we get every- 
thing in Him. Thus our watchword for a 
holy life and a fruitful ministry is : 

"Everything in Jesus and Jesus everything." 
CHRIST OUR HEALER. 

The third vital message of the Alliance is 
the Gospel of physical heahng. Yet while 
the truth of Divine Healing is made of great 
importance, it is held in strict subordination 
to the pre-eminent truths of salvation and 
holiness. The Alliance believes that sick- 
ness is the result of sin, in the sense that if 
there had been no sin there would be no 
sickness. But the Alliance also believes 
that the benefits of the atonement are as 
wide as the results of sin. The sure foun- 
dation of Divine Healing we find in the 
promises of God, in the redemptive work of 
Christ, and in the quickening power of the 
Holy Spirit. 



58 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

Most emphaticaly, the Christian and Mis- 
sionary Alliance has nothing whatever in 
common with modern schools or methods 
of psychical healing, such as Christian Sci- 
ence, the Emmanuel movement, magnetic 
or spiritualistic healing, mind cure, or even 
faith cure. The Scriptural truth of Divine 
Healing is simply that, in answer to believ- 
ing prayer, God honors His word and for 
the sake of Jesus stretches forth His mighty 
hand and recovers from their sicknesses and 
heals of their diseases those of His suffering 
children who live in obedience to His holy 
will. Sometimes indeed in His sovereign 
grace the Lord vouchsafes to heal even the 
sinning and the disobedient who thereby are 
saved and consecrate their lives wholly to 
Him. 

During the past twenty-five years, in an- 
swer to the prayer of faith, literally thou- 
sands of persons have been raised from beds 
of sickness or healed of incurable infirmi- 
ties by the direct power of God. It is well 
within the truth to say that of the many 
Christians from evangelical churches who 
have become memb*ers of the Alliance per- 
haps the majority have come into the move- 



The Fulness of Jesus 59 

ment through a definite experience of 
physical healing. Most of our missionaries 
on the foreign field and our leaders and 
workers at home have been healed of serious 
and in many instances of incurable diseases. 
Indeed, there is scarcely an Alliance mem- 
ber throughout the world who does not 
know Christ as the Great Physician. 

But the glorious truth of ''Christ our 
Healer'' includes more than physical heal- 
ing. It means the quickening and strength- 
ening of our bodies by contact through the 
Holy Spirit with our risen and triumphant 
Lord. Whatever the explanation, it is a 
fact that of those who take Christ as their 
Healer some are not healed of their diseases 
or delivered from their infirmities in the 
sense that the diseases wholly disappear or 
the infirmities are entirely removed. They 
could not get a doctor's certificate of good 
health nor, because of physical unsoundness, 
could they take out a life insurance policy. 
Yet such persons daily experience a super- 
natural quickening of their bodies which 
gives them freshness and strength and in 
some instances extraordinary physical en- 
durance. Indeed, they seem to have some- 



6o Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

thing more than Divine Healing ; they have 
Divine life. Theirs indeed is a paradoxical 
experience. Instead of being bedridden or 
helpless invalids they keep going in the 
strength of Jesus, not only carrying their 
own burdens -but stretching out a helping 
hand to others. Surely it is one thing to 
sink down under the power of disease or the 
weight of infirmity; but it is quite another 
thing to rise above the power of disease and 
the weight of infirmity and in the strength 
of the ascended and glorified Christ not only 
have a victorious spirit but bear fruit, yea, 
the "much fruit" that shall abide the day of 
His coming. An experience like this is apos- 
tolic. With Paul its possessors can truly 
say: 

''But we had the sentence of death in our- 
selves, that we should not trust in our- 
selves, but in God which raiseth the dead : 

"Who delivered us from so great a death, 
and doth deliver : in whom we trust that He 
will yet deliver us" (2 Cor. i: 9, 10). 

And again: 

"Always bearing about in the body the 
dying of the Lord Jesus, that the life also of 
Jesus might be made manifest in our body. 



The Fulness of Jesus 6i 

"For we which live are always delivered 
unto death for Jesus' sake, that the life also 
of Jesus might be made manifest in our 
mortal flesh. 

"So then death worketh in us but life in 
you" (2 Cor. iv: 10-12). 

There is yet another experimental phase 
of the truth of Divine Healing. Well and 
sound people who indeed have never been 
sick have dedicated their bodies to the Lord 
and in solemn covenant have taken Him to 
be their Healer. Such persons testify to a 
remarkable rejuvenation of constitutional 
vitality and reinvigoration of physical 
strength. Indeed, in practical experrence 
the life of Christ imparted to our physical 
frames by the power of the Holy Spirit 
works like a tonic and is in fact a super- 
natural elixir for body and brain. 

CHRIST OUR COMING LORD. 

The crowning message of the Alliance is 
the crowning message of the Gospel, and 
that is the return to earth of the Lord Jesus 
Christ. The Alliance believes that Jesus 
is coming again, and that His coming is 
personal, premillennial, and imminent. 



62 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

The Alliance believes, furthermore, that 
the return of the Lord Jesus is the supreme 
event in a Divine programme, which em- 
braces the present dispensation and the 
coming age. This Divine programme is an- 
nounced in the fifteenth chapter of Acts. 
In the great council at Jerusalem the presi- 
dent, the apostle James, stated: 

''Simeon hath declared how God at the 
first did visit the Gentiles, to take out of 
them a people for His name. And to this 
agree the words of the prophets; as it is 
written, 

''After this I will return, and will build 
again the tabernacle of David, which is 
fallen down; and I will build again the 
ruins thereof, and I will set it up : 

"That the residue of men might seek after 
the Lord, and all the Gentiles, upon whom 
My name is called, saith the Lord, who do- 
eth all these things. 

"Known unto God are all His works from 
the beginning of the world'' (vss. 14-18). 

In this passage of Scripture the purpose 
of God for the present dispensation and the 
coming age is declared to be threefold, 
namely : 



The Fulness of Jesus 63 

The Election of the Church 
The Restoration of Israel 
The Salvation of the Gentiles 
First, the election of the church. ''God 
at the first did visit the Gentiles to take out 
of them a people for His name." 

Second, the restoration of Israel. ''After 
this I wrill return, and v^ill build again the 
tabernacle of David, which is fallen down; 
and I will build again the ruins thereof, and 
I will set it up." 

Third, the salvation of the Gentiles. "That 
the residue of men might seek after the 
Lord, and all the Gentiles, upon whom My 
name is called, saith the Lord, who doeth all 
these things." 

In this Divine programme for the present 
and future three facts stand out with un- 
mistakable clearness. The first fact is the 
order of the events. It is the order given in 
the verses: there can be no change. The 
second fact is the part of the programme to 
be carried out m the present dispensation 
and the part to be carried out in the coming 
age. The election of the church is the part 
of the programme to be carried out in the 
present dispensation, while the restoration 



64 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

of Israel and the salvation of the Gentiles 
are the parts of the programme to be carried 
out in the coming age. And the third fact 
is the place in the programme when the 
Lord Himself returns. This is after the 
election of the church and before the res- 
toration of Israel. ''After this (the visita- 
tion of the Gentiles to take out a people for 
His name) I will return'' (vs. i6). 

A great many of the Lord's earnest and 
consecrated people believe that the world is 
to be brought to Christ during the present 
dispensation. Through this world-wide dif- 
fusion of the Gospel, they believe, "the earth 
shall be filled with the knowledge of the 
glory of the Lord, as the waters cover the 
sea." This glorious consummation, it is 
held, will usher in the millennial reign of 
righteousness and peace, after which many, 
not all, believe that Christ will return in 
person and set up His earthly kingdom. 

But the Alliance, taking its stand firmly 
on the revealed word of God, does not hold 
this view. We believe that this is an elect- 
ive age, when God is visiting the Gentiles, 
*'to take out of them a people for His 
name." This is the calling of the body of 



The Fulness of Jesus 65 

Christ, His bride, the true church of the liv- 
ing God. We believe, accordingly, not that 
the world is to be brought to Christ during 
the present age, but rather that Christ is to 
be brought to the w^orld. Jesus said : "And 
this Gospel of the kingdom shall be preached 
in all the w^orld for a v^itness unto all na- 
tions; and then shall the end come" (Matt, 
xxiv: 14). 

This, then, is our supreme evangelistic 
and missionary objective: to preach the 
Gospel ''in all the world for a witness unto 
all nations; and then shall the end come/' 
And when this shall have been done, when 
the church has been called out and the bride 
is complete, then the Lord Himself will ap- 
pear, take up His part of the programme 
and carry it out to the glorious consumma- 
tion of "the new heavens and the new 
earth,'' when God shall be all and all. 

How precious and glorious to have the 
heavenly vision. How restful and satisfy- 
ing to work in harmony with the Divine 
programme. The personal return of Christ 
is the only hope of the world and the church. 
Morally, the world to-day is wabbling in its 
orbit, madly plunging towards despair and 



66 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

destruction. Religiously, the professing 
church is rapidly approaching a state of 
petrifaction and putrefaction. Moreover, 
the alert believer, who knows the prophetic 
word and reads the signs of the times, finds 
no encouragement to look for improvement. 
For, according to the Scriptures, this dis- 
pensation will end in dissolution and de- 
struction. But out of the wreck and ruin 
^'we, according to His promise, look for new 
heavens and a new earth, wherein dwelleth 
righteousness." Our hope, therefore, is not 
in the fading present, but in the radiant fu- 
ture. Indeed, in ''that blessed hope, and 
the glorious appearing of the great God and 
our Saviour Jesus Christ,'' we find the 
greatest incentive to holiness, the strongest 
motive for faithfulness and the highest in- 
spiration of service. Upon everything and 
over everything in our lives let us inscribe 
the glowing watchword : 

**Uilto the coming of the Lord." 
A SACRED TRUST. 

The writer of the Hebrews speaks of 
^'tasting the powers of the age to come." In 
its length and breadth and its height and 
depth this is exactly what Christian experi- 



The Fulness of Jesus 67 

ence is. Regeneration marks the beginning 
of eternal life; for eternal life is not meas- 
ured by quantity but characterized by qual- 
ity. It is a new kind of life, Divine life, 
''the life of God in the soul of man." Fur- 
thermore, sanctification is a larger instal- 
ment of eternal life, a deeper work of the 
Holy Ghost, bringing us more and more into 
conformity to the image of God's dear Son. 
And Divine Healing is just the first breath 
of the resurrection quickening our mortal 
frames. In the words of another : 

^'Have we not in the Fourfold Gospel 
a simple, a Scriptural and a glorious gos- 
pel, as broad in its scope as it is deep and 
high in our personal experience? Every 
segment of the great circle needs every 
other. Every part is strengthened by the 
whole. Christ our Saviour is but one 
chord in the heavenly music. Christ our 
Sanctifier makes a fuller harmony. Christ 
our Healer adds a still richer chord. And 
finally Christ our Coming Lord swells the 
harmony until it mingles with the ever- 
lasting chorus sung round the heavenly 
throne. 

"The church needs this fuller Gospel 



68 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

to-day as an antidote to error, a remedy 
for failure, an answer to the cry of every 
human heart and an inspiration to the lof- 
tiest faith and hope and love. Shall we 
not take it for ourselves and then shall 
we not give it as a sacred trust to all 
within our reach and thus prove that it is 
indeed the whole gospel for the whole 
man and the whole world?" 



Chapter IV 

WHEELS WITHIN WHEELS 

(M GOOD bishop of one of the evangel- 
/5^ ical denominations recently said that 
what his church needed was not more har- 
ness but more horse! The Christian and 
Missionary AlHance has always had more 
horse than harness — a great deal more. In 
other words, considering the extent and va- 
riety of the work, it has very little organiza- 
tion. From the beginning there have been 
two controlling principles : first, to wait till 
the expansion and character of the work em- 
phasized the need and determined the kind 
of organization ; and second, to keep organi- 
zation in strict subordination to spirituality. 
As a result the administrative polity of the 
Alliance is marked by great simplicity. 

An Undenominational Moveiment. 

From the outset it has been made unmis- 
takably clear that in character the Alliance 
movement is undenominational and unsec- 
tarian. 



70 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

UNOFFICIAL EXPRESSION. 

In the double number of 'The Word, 
Work and World/' for August and Septem- 
ber, 1887, the editor thus writes : 

"The Christian Alliance is designed to 
be a simple and fraternal union of all who 
hold in common the fulness of Jesus in 
His present grace and coming glory. It 
is not intended in any way to be an engine 
of division or antagonism in the churches, 
but, on the contrary, to embrace Evangel- 
ical Christians of every name who hold 
this common faith and life. In certain 
circumstances, no doubt, smaller or larger 
bodies of earnest Christians will be led to 
organize independent churches for closer 
fellowship or more aggressive work, but 
in the great majority of cases its members 
will be found to be the most earnest, 
faithful, and spiritually minded people in 
the various evangelical churches, and no 
one purposes or desires to disturb their 
usefulness or harmony but rather to en- 
courage them to be known as the most 
valued helpers of every faithful pastor and 
every good work. At the same time there 



Wheels Within Wheels 71 

are special truths which, just because they 
are opposed by many conservative Chris- 
tians, need to be doubly emphasized, and 
there are chords of spiritual unity more 
deep and dear than any denominational 
affinities. And these truths the Alliance 
is called to witness to and these ties to 
cherish and deepen. It was born in a most 
blessed atmosphere of life, truth, and love, 
and we believe it will prove a blessing to 
thousands." 

OFFICIAL STATEMENT. 

It is gratifying to be able to record that 
the Christian and Missionary Alliance, after 
more than a quarter-century, is still ringing 
true to these early words of its founder. 
For the official Manual of the united Society 
states: ''It is not a sect, but a fraternal 
union of Christians of all evangelical denom- 
inations in cordial sympathy with all 
branches of the Church of Christ.'* 

The present organization of the Alliance 
is a natural evolution, marked by three 
clearly defined stages : 

The Separate Societies. 
The first stage : 



^2 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

THE CHRISTIAN ALLIANCE. 

The first organization of this society, ef- 
fected in 1887, consisted of a National As- 
sociation 'Vith subordinate branches in the 
j^everal states or other large sections of the 
country, and provision ultimately for a larg- 
er international organization so soon as it 
shall be deemed expedient and reasonable." 
The general officers, having oversight of the 
entire work, were a president, honorary 
vice-presidents, a corresponding secretary, a 
recording secretary, a treasurer, and an ex- 
ecutive committee consisting of from seven 
to twelve members. The official business 
of the society was vested in the executive 
committee. Membership was by card issued 
from headquarters by the president or sec- 
retary. For ten years this simple organi- 
zation was most efficient. 

THE INTERNATIONAL MISSIONARY ALLIANCE. 

The first organization of this society, ef- 
fected also in 1887, was likewise simple and 
strong. The administration of its affairs 
was under a Board of Management, consist- 
ing of thirteen members, the general officers 
being a president, honorary vice-presidents, 
a corresponding secretary, a recording sec- 



Wheels Within Wheels 73 

retary and a treasurer. It was provided 
that : 

'The Board shall appoint the mission- 
aries employed, and exercise general su- 
pervision over all the interests of the Al- 
liance ; but any local auxiliary may, with 
the approval of the Board, select a spe- 
cial field or laborer to sustain in whole or 
in part, as may be mutually arranged with 
the General Board/' 

From time to time afterwards some modi- 
fications, involving a few new features, were 
made without changing the general char- 
acter and extreme simplicity of the primi- 
tive organization. One important act was 
the creation of an Advisory Board, consist- 
ing of fifty persons and meeting semi- 
annually, for the purpose of conferring with 
the General Board about all the important 
interests of the Society and of offering such 
suggestions and counsels respecting the 
work as they may deem best. Out of this 
body grew the Annual Advisory Council. 

The Consolidated Society. 
The second stage: 

The consolidation and incorporation of 
the two separate societies into the Christian 



74 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

and Missionary Alliance, consummated in 
1897, called for a revised and enlarged state- 
ment of constitutional and administrative 
principles for the united Society. In the 
main this followed closely along the lines of 
the original organization, such new provis- 
ions being added as the expansion and de- 
velopment of the work demanded. Many 
of these remain in force. Three sections 
may be stated : 

EVANGELISTIC AND MISSION WORK AT HOME. 

''It shall be the aim of our work — 
steadily pursued until its full accomplish- 
ment — to see that in every center of popu- 
lation in the land there is a place — ever 
accessible and open — where Christ's hun- 
gry children can be taught, fed, and satis- 
fied — irrespective of all sectarian distinc- 
tions, and where lost and neglected souls 
can find the Saviour and a hand out- 
stretched to lead them to Him. 

''As far as practicable rescue mission 
work among the neglected classes and in 
destitute regions will be carried on, and 
Missions established." 

FOREIGN MISSIONS. 

"One great object of all our work will 



Wheels Within Wheels 75 

ever be the immediate evangelization of 
Israel and the heathen v^orld. For this 
pre-eminently every Branch and Auxil- 
iary exists; for this every soul is saved, 
sanctified and healed. Those who cannot 
go can help others to go, and thus be mis- 
sionaries at home. Therefore this great 
work shall be constantly kept before the 
minds and hearts of our people. At least 
once a month a missionary meeting shall 
be held in every Branch. It shall be the 
crowning theme of every Convention." 

CONTRIBUTIONS AND FUNDS. 

''The supreme reliance of this work for 
the means necessary to carry it forward 
shall always be in God alone. Unscrip- 
tural methods of raising money will be 
strictly avoided. The free-will oflferings 
of God's people, and especially of our 
members, will be accepted and expected. 
Personal solicitations for money will not 
be encouraged." 

New Constitution. 
The third stage : 

The new constitution adopted at the an- 
nual meeting of the Society at Boone, Iowa, 
in May, 1912, represents wheels within 



76 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

wheels. But as in Ezekiel's vision, in the 
wheels is the Living Spirit, giving to the 
machinery smoothness and efficiency. 

THE TWO BIG WHEELS. 

One big administrative wheel is the Gen- 
eral Council. The ultimate power of the 
Society is vested in its entire membership. 
But by them it is delegated to a General 
Council, meeting annually and thoroughly 
representative of the whole constituency. 
The General Council is the supreme legis- 
lative body of the Alliance. 

Another big administrative wheel is the 
Board of Managers. The General CouncM 
does not attempt executive work. For this 
purpose it elects a Board of Managers, 
which between the annual sessions of the 
General Council has the authoritative con- 
trol and entire direction of the Alliance. The 
Board consists of not less than fifteen mem- 
bers, one third retiring at each Annual 
Council, but being eligible for re-election. 

The officers of the Society are a President, 
a Vice-president, a General Secretary, a 'Rt- 
cording Secretary, a Treasurer, and Honor- 
ary Vice-presidents. 



Wheels Within Wheels yy 

WHEELS WITHIN WHEELS. 

The work of the Board of Managers is 
divided into seven special departments: 
Finance Department 
Educational Department 
Home Department 
Foreign Department 
Deputational Department 
Publication and Literature Department 
Fraternal Relations Department 



Chapter V 

OUR OWN BORDERS 

/^jr GGRESSIVE and effective missionary 
^vt' operations demand a strong, sustain- 
ing Home base. As the tent cords are 
lengthened, the stakes must be strength- 
ened. 

UNIQUE CONVENTION SYSTEM. 

A good point of vantage from which to 
review the Home work of the Christian 
AND Missionary Alliance for the quarter- 
century is our unique Convention system. 
It is the simple truth to say that the Alli- 
ance was born and has grown to maturity 
in the atmosphere of conventions. The ini- 
tial impulse of the movement was imparted 
in the great convocation at Old Orchard in 
the summer of 1887. The Old Orchard Con- 
vention of 1889 witnessed the organization 
of the International Missionary Alliance 
and also the Christian Alliance. And at 
the Easter Convention in the Gospel Tab- 
ernacle, of New York, in 1897, the consoli- 
dation of the two societies was effected. 



Our Own Borders 79 

We have national conventions, and dis- 
trict, state, and local conventions; regular 
conventions and special conventions; con- 
ventions in the city and conventions in the 
country; conventions in the mountains and 
conventions by the seashore ; conventions in 
winter and conventions in summer, — con- 
ventions, indeed, ''in season and out of sea- 
son/' The fact is we have contracted the 
convention habit. For of the Alliance it 
may be said, ''Conventions ye have alwavs 
with you." 

Besides the two national conventions, at 
Old Orchard, Maine, in August, and m New 
York City, in October, there is a cham of 
annual conventions throughout practically 
the entire year in many of the princfpal 
cities of our own country and also the do- 
minion of Canada. Moreover, the various 
districts, states, and even the local branches 
all have their annual conventions; so that 
it is quite safe to say that a day does not 
pass that an Alliance convention, and per- 
haps more than one, is not in session either 
in the Homeland or in the Foreign field. 

A day's program. 
The larger annual conventions are held 



8o Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

for a week or even for ten days. An at- 
tractive program is presented, meeting the 
varied needs of the people and satisfying 
the diversified demands of the work. The 
schedule of exercises for a typical day runs 
as follows: 
A. M. 

6.30 Prayer Meeting 
8.00 Workers' Meeting 
9.00-10.00 Quiet Hour Service 
10.00-12.00 Messages on Deeper Truth 
and Life 
p. M. 
1.30 Children's Meeting 
2.00 Missionary Addresses 
3.00- 5.00 Preaching, or Addresses on 
Spiritual Themes 
5.00 Inquiry Meeting 
7.00 Young People's Meeting 
8.00 Evangelistic Service 
Besides the regular program special 
meetings are arranged as the need may 
arise. There is always an anointing serv- 
ice for the sick, and a baptismal service is 
often held. 

MISSIONARY OFFERINGS. 

The earlier part of a convention is de- 



Our Own Borders 8i 

voted to the truths of Christ our Saviour 
and Sanctifier; while the latter part is de- 
voted to the truths of Christ our Healer 
and Coming King. The crowning feature 
of a convention, however, is the annual mis- 
sionary offering, which is raised usually on 
the closing day. At the larger convocations 
this is generally Sunday. Mr. Simpson 
customarily preaches the missionary ser- 
mon. 

Missionary day is always a great occa- 
sion. The offering usually is taken after 
the sermon, often being completed however 
at a later service. The money is given 
partly in cash but mostly in pledges. 
These pledges are promises made in faith 
and dependence upon God to pay the sub- 
scription within the year. Inasmuch as no 
one has ever been ^'dunned," it is remark- 
able how slight has been the shrinkage of 
payments within the twenty-five years. 

Our missionary offerings are raised with- 
out strain and usually without much effort. 
For the most part the local branches and 
individual members of the Alliance have 
made careful and prayerful provision in ad- 
vance, so that when the day comes they are 



82 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

ready without hesitation to hand in their 
pledges. Indeed, sometimes an enthusias- 
tic giver cannot wait until the sermon is 
ended, with an outburst of praise breaking 
in with the announcement of his subscrip- 
tion. Quietly assistants collect cards which 
have been distributed, handing them to the 
leader who from time to time reads the 
amounts without however giving the 
names. When the offering is in full swing 
a stirring scene is presented. The audi- 
ence is deeply moved with spiritual fervor. 
The announcement of pledges ranging from 
a few cents to thousands of dollars calls 
forth expressions of devout and joyous 
praise. Occasionally, led by the choir or 
pianist, the missionary enthusiasm finds 
vent in outbursts of song. 

Often touching and even dramatic inci- 
dents occur. Here is an offering which 
represents the hard earned savings of a 
washerwoman. Here is a small sum 
which a child brings, its own money glad- 
ly given for the heathen. And here a be- 
reaved mother sends up a bank containing 
a few pennies, the property of her dead boy 
or girl. The rank and file of our Alliance 



Our Own Borders 83 

people are not rich in this world's goods, 
but they are rich in faith and love. For 
the most part their missionary offerings are 
the result of rigid economy and the disci- 
pline of self-denial. Often indeed they are 
the fruit of privation and suffering. But 
the gifts are entirely voluntary, made in 
that noble spirit of sacrifice which would 
gladly lay down even life itself for Jesus' 
sake. 

The high-water mark in missionary col- 
lections was reached in 1896, when at Old 
Orchard in August $112,000 was raised, 
while in New York City in October the 
amount rose to over $122,000. While a very 
high average has been steadily maintained, 
at no time since then at these national con- 
ventions has so large a sum been realized. 
It would be a mistake however to think 
that because of this fact less money has 
been given by our people for foreign mis- 
sions. On the contrary the amount raised 
has been larger every year. The explana- 
tion of the decrease in size of the offerings 
at Old Orchard and New York City is sim- 
ple and sufficient. In the early years the 
missionary collections at these great con- 



84 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

vocations drained a large part of the coun- 
try, many gifts coming from as far as the 
Pacific slope. Within recent years, how- 
ever, since the work in many states has 
been more fully organized, much of the 
money that would otherwise go to Old 
Orchard or New York City, is now received 
at Toronto, Binghamton, Rocky Springs, 
Beulah Park, Nyack, and many other dis- 
trict and local centers throughout the 
country. For example, one of the recent 
missionary offerings at Rocky Springs 
(representing only a part of the Eastern 
District), was fully $50,000, approximating 
in size the present oft'erings at Old Orchard 
and the October Convention in New York. 
Last year the money raised by our Society 
by collections for the home and foreign 
work was over $300,000. During the quar- 
ter-century the amount from all sources 
and for all purposes is over $4,000,000! 

No feature of our work has commanded 
such wide attention and received such var- 
ied explanation as the offerings for foreign 
missions. Many news reports (and much 
editorial comment in particular) have been 
spectacular and sensational in the extreme. 



Our Own Borders 85 

The most familiar ne;^vspaper theory is that 
Mr. Simpson possesses hypnotic powers, 
by means of which he throws a spell over 
his audiences, influencing them against 
their better judgment and often without 
their knowledge at the time to contribute 
money to the cause of missions. Now, that 
Mr. Simpson has been naturally endowed 
and supernaturally endued with exception- 
al pulpit and platform gifts no one would 
deny. Indeec^ those who know him best 
receive him as a preacher and leader of 
prophetic insight and apostolic fervor. But 
the theory of hypnotic influence as an ade- 
quate explanation of the truly extraordi- 
nary missionary offerings that have marked 
the historv of the Alliance falls of its own 
weight. Hypnotic power or even personal 
magnetism might indeed sufficiently ac- 
count for an occasional large missionary of- 
fering. Without interruption, however, for 
twenty-five years, in the same places and 
to a large extent among the same people, 
the same thing has been witnessed! No; 
the explanation of our extraordinary mis- 
sionary offerings is found not in the hu- 
man leader but in the Divine Lord. More 



86 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

particularly, the explanation is fivefold: 

1. The firm belief that the heathen are 
lost. 

2. The firm belief that through the 
knowledge of Christ alone can the heathen 
be saved. 

3. The conviction that we are trustees of 
the Gospel, responsible to give the saving 
knowledge of Christ to the heathen world. 

4. Systematic teaching in the principles 
and practice of Christian giving. 

5. Willingness to sacrifice for the cause 
of foreign missions. 

EARLY BEGINNINGS. 

From New York City as a radiating cen- 
ter the work of the Alliance has slowly but 
steadily reached nearly every part of our 
own country and large sections of Canada. 
From the sparsely settled districts of upper 
New York state to the mountain settle- 
ments of the southland our workers, both 
official and unofficial, are preaching the glo- 
rious truths of the Fourfold Gospel and 
ministering to the varied needs of diversi- 
fied communities. As early as 1888 Mr. 
Simpson with a strong staff of helpers by 
invitation visited many of the larger cities 



Our Own Borders 87 

of our own country and Canada. Every- 
where conventions were held, often in 
evangelical churches, and the fourfold Gos- 
pel was proclaimed in its fulness. In many 
places ''after services" were held, which de- 
veloped into regular weekly meetings for 
the promotion of the distinctive truth and 
special testimony of the Alliance. In this 
way companies of believers called Branches 
sprang up all over the land. It was not long 
before the work was organized by states. 
Ohio was the pioneer, in 1889, closely fol- 
lowed however by New York, Michigan, 
Pennsylvania, and other states, and also by 
Western Ontario. Some states geograph- 
ically associated were grouped into dis- 
tricts. Thus gradually a network of Alli- 
ance organizations, local, state and district, 
was spread throughout the length and 
breadth of the land. 

LATER DEVELOPMENTS AND STATISTICAL 
EXHIBIT. 

The story of the twenty-five years is a 
record of steady development and constant 
progress. Following is a brief statistical 
exhibit of the work in the Homeland : 
New England District — 15 branches; 10 



88 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

regular meetings held without organi- 
zation. 

Canadian District — 5 branches; 5 workers. 

Eastern District — 75 branches; about 70 
workers; 20 regular meetings held 
without organization. 

Central District — 20 branches; 35 workers; 
10 regular meetings held without or- 
ganization. 

Southern District — 25 branches; 20 work- 
ers; 10 regular meetings held without 
organization. 

Western District — 15 branches; 10 work- 
ers; 15 regular meetings held without 
organization. 

Pacific Coast District — 20 branches; 18 
workers; 12 regular meetings held 
without organization. 

The above exhibit, however, is not com- 
plete; for, including unofficial workers and 
pastors of affiliated independent churches 
over a thousand names could be enrolled 
upon the Alliance roster. The entire mem- 
bership of the movement has not been tab- 
ulated. 






ii 




Our Own Borders 89 

SPIRITUAL RESULTS. 

But no statistical exhibit can compass 
the bounds of the Alliance. Figures can- 
not measure spiritual forces. Far beyond 
the limits of our organized work there is 
an unregistered constituency of whose very 
existence in many instances the heavenly 
Father alone knoweth. Moreover, the spir- 
itual results of the past twenty-five years it 
would be impossible to estimate. Indeed, 
the number of people who have been 
reached and blessed by the proclamation of 
the Fourfold Gospel through the multiplied 
agencies of our Society eternity alone will 
reveal. The wonderful message of Christ 
our Saviour has found innumerable souls 
darkened and burdened by sin and has 
brought them light and peace. The glo- 
rious message of Christ our Sanctifier has 
brought liberty and rest to many a bound 
and struggling heart. The precious mes- 
sage of Christ our Healer has given health 
to numberless sick bodies and imparted 
Divine vigor to countless exhausted frames. 
And the inspiring message of Christ our 
coming Lord has infused new hope and 
fresh strength into the heart of many a 



90 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

weary and discouraged worker. Nor is 
this all. Through the full Gospel message 
of the Alliance, both from the platform and 
in the printed page, thousands have found 
the Bible a new book, while hundreds of 
pulpits have been clothed with living power 
and Divine authority. The grace of God 
has sweetened trial, the joy of the Lord has 
dispelled sorrow, and the comfort of the 
Holy Ghost has removed the sting of be- 
reavement. 

A GRAPHIC PICTURE. 

The president of the Society has drawn 
a graphic picture of the faithful band of 
home workers: 

"The quiet, normal and unceasing labor 
of our local superintendents and evangel- 
ists in their respective fields is undoubted- 
ly the strongest factor in all our work. 
The patient, self-sacrificing labor of these 
beloved brethren, who with inadequate 
support and insufficient help in their widely 
scattered fields, bravely toil on, often un- 
recognized and unpraised, constitutes the 
noblest sacrifice of our entire work. Often 
a husband and wife will be found eking out 
a bare living in one or two small rooms 



Our Own Borders 



91 



with an uncertain income, sometimes not 
exceeding two or three dollars a week, and 
counting it their greatest joy when their 
local convention winds up with a mission- 
ary offering of several hundred dollars and 
perhaps little thought of the humble work- 
ers who have sacrificed so much to bring all 
this about. This is the real secret of our 
missionary work, and the deep pathos that 
lies back of it should touch our hearts," 
And again: ''Our brethren do not stand 
in the place of publicity or popularity. 
They do not minister to thronging crowds 
or shine in the records of the public press, 
but among little companies of humble fol- 
lowers of Christ, amid much sacrifice and 
self-denial, they live and labor for Christ, 
and, unnoticed and unpraised, gather jewels 
for the crowning day. We know of no 
work which represents so large a gather- 
ing out, not only from the world, but from 
the worldly church, out and out, of so 
many simple-hearted, self-sacrificing and 
wholly consecrated followers of the meek 
and lowly Jesus. We thank God for the 
beautiful Christian lives that God has given 
us in the fellowship of the Alliance." 



92 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

INDEPENDENT CHURCHES. 

About a dozen years ago the unfounded 
charge was frequently made that the Alli- 
ance was a proselyting agency. In conse- 
quence, a mighty cry went up to heaven 
from our people for souls and for soul-win- 
ners. . The Lord answered this cry. Our 
workers were clothed afresh with an evan- 
gelistic spirit, and the branches began to 
pray and labor anew for the salvation of the 
lost. More than before regular Alliance 
meetings closed with altar services, and 
many souls were saved. Conversions be- 
came a marked feature of the conventions. 
Homes were opened for meetings in the 
outskirts of cities and villages, and evan- 
gelistic services were held in sparsely set- 
tled country districts. 

Thus a new situation was created, out of 
which developed a difficult and delicate 
problem. This problem was in part rural 
and in part urban. 

In cities and villages in many instances it 
was found not to be a happy arrangement 
to send our converts to the churches for 
baptism. Indeed, our people were often 
made to feel that not only for the ordinance 



Our Own Borders 93 

of baptism but also for the observance of 
the Lord's Supper they were not welcome 
in the churches. In these circumstances 
the Board considered it wise, where the 
conditions were ripe and the need was ur- 
gent, to encourage the branches to effect a 
simple New Testament church organiza- 
tion. In a number of places this was done. 

In the country the situation was some- 
what different. In many sparsely settled 
districts Christians were found without 
church homes and children without Sunday 
School privileges. In such places Sunday 
Schools were organized, and regular Sun- 
day services established. Out of these con- 
ditions in some instances churches grew up. 
They became, in fact, a necessity; for the 
field was unoccupied, none of the Evan- 
gelical denominations ministering to the 
spiritual destitution of the people. 

There are to-day throughout the entire 
country about fifty independent Full Gos- 
pel churches in association with the Alli- 
ances. These churches, it must be clearly 
understood, are not Alliance churches. 
There is, in fact, no such thing as an Alli- 
ance church. Nor indeed can there be, for 



94 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

the Christian and Missionary Alliance 
is not a denominational body nor in any 
wise a sectarian movement. How these in- 
dependent churches are affiliated with our 
organization has been explained in an ear- 
lier chapter. 

PUBLICATION INTERESTS. 

The publication interests have always 
been, so to speak, the strong right arm of 
the work. From the very beginning indeed 
the preached word and the printed page 
have gone hand in hand together. The 
successor of "Word, Work and World" was 
the ''Christian and Missionary Alliance,*' a 
weekly paper which made its first appear- 
ance in January, 1888. It has been issued 
continuously since that time, its name now 
being "The Alliance Weekly, a Journal of 
Christian Life and Missions." Mr. Simp- 
son is editor, assisted by an able corps of 
associate editors and an efficient staff of 
special contributors. It is impossible to 
estimate the literally world-wide influence 
of this deeply spiritual paper, which is now 
read regularly by over fifty thousand peo- 
ple. It is daily food to multitudes of hun- 
gry hearts. Its pages have been "leaves of 



Our Own Borders 95 

healing'* to innumerable sick bodies and ex- 
hausted frames. It has brought inspiration 
to countless discouraged workers. Through 
its influence ministers all over the country, 
and indeed throughout the world, have 
been clothed with a new Divine authority, 
their messages being freighted with fresh- 
ness, fragrance and fruitfulness. 

Besides issuing the weekly paper the 
Alliance has published a large number of 
books and tracts. A few years ago a Col- 
portage Library of about thirty volumes 
had a wide circulation. Mr. Simpson him- 
self has written more than fifty books, be- 
sides many tracts, in which are unfolded 
the doctrinal teaching and special testi- 
mony of the Alliance. Both by the paper 
and through his books, as well as in the 
pulpit and on the platform, Mr. Simpson 
ministers to a world-wide constituency. 
Indeed, as a spiritual expounder of the Gos- 
pel of the Fulness of Jesus he has proba- 
bly no superior living. Many of his books 
have passed through several editions, and 
have been of unspeakable blessing to count- 
less hungry hearts. A song book, ''Hymns 
of the Christian Life," made its appearance 



96 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

a number of years ago, and is used in all 
our conventions, most of the branches, and 
in many churches. A goodly proportion of 
the hymns, both words and tunes, were 
composed by Mr. Simpson. 

INSTITUTIONAL WORK. 

While the Alliance is primarily and es- 
sentially a spiritual movement, yet of ne- 
cessity its activities, in the homeland as 
well as on the foreign field, have in many 
instances taken institutional form. Some 
of the early institutions have passed away 
with the immediate and pressing emer- 
gency that gave them birth, while others 
have grown larger and stronger with the 
expansion and consolidation of the move- 
ment. 

Of the former class of institutions two 
merit historic mention: Berachah Orphan- 
age and the Home School. 

BERACHAH ORPHANAGE. 

For a number of years this work was car- 
ried on at College Point, Long Island, 
where a little monthly paper, ''Echoes from 
the Valley of Berachah/' was issued. Later 
the institution was removed to Nyack. The 
orphanage was finally closed because the 



Our Own Borders 97 

boys found self-supporting positions, while 
the girls entered Christian homes. The 
early years of this work tell a story of faith, 
love, and sacrifice. 

HOME SCHOOL. 

After the Missionary Institute was re- 
moved to Nyack, there was carried on at 
headquarters, 690 Eighth Avenue, New 
York City, a Training School for Home 
Workers. Through the fall, winter, and 
spring months it offered several ''Six 
Weeks* Courses in Essentials.'' The teach- 
ing staff was strong and spiritual, while the 
instruction and training were varied and 
practical. Only recently and largely for 
financial reasons was the Home School 
closed and its work merged into the Nyack 
educational system. Some of the best home 
workers were trained in this institution. 

EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM. 

Of the present institutional work of the 
Alliance in the country by far the largest 
and most important is our educational sys- 
tem. By the providence of God the Alli- 
ance has undertaken the secondary and in 
part collegiate education of its youth and 
the training of young men and young wom- 



98 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

en for the home work and the mission field. 
At Ayr, North Carolina, and at Boydton, 
Virginia, successful schools, in part second- 
ary and in part Biblical, are carried on for 
colored young people. At Toccoa, Geor- 
gia, and at Boone, Iowa, are growing insti- 
tutions of great promise, which offer 
courses in both secondary education and 
Biblical training. 

But the crown of our educational system 
is at Nyack, New York, whose two coedu- 
cational schools, the Wilson Memorial 
Academy and the Missionary Training In- 
stitute, have been officially recognized by 
the Annual Council as the central and na- 
tional institutions of the Alliance. The 
work is carried on in two divisions: Aca- 
demic and Biblical, the entire system being 
under the administration of a Board of 
Trustees. 

The younger of the schools, the Wilson 
Memorial Academy, was founded in 1906, 
being originally called the ''Nyack Semi- 
nary,'* but later taking the name of its first 
President, the late Doctor Henry Wilson. 
It maintains Grammar work of the seventh 
and eighth grades, regular four years' High 



Our Own Borders 99 

School work with classical, scientific and 
commercial courses, and a full freshman 
year of college work. In every subject in 
both Academic and Collegiate departments 
the work is held carefully to the recognized 
standards of scholarship. The requirements 
of the New York State Board of Regents 
are met in every course. 'It is recognized 
that the Grammar and High Schools of our 
land are without spiritual safeguards and 
are rapidly becoming such as to undermine 
the faith and even endanger, through their 
indiscriminate student life, the morals of 
our boys and girls. The Academy has aris- 
en in answer to the prayers of thousands of 
parents and the call of a host of earnest 
Christian young people. It stands as a pro- 
test against the unbelieving, unspiritual 
educational systems of our day. It is in- 
deed called to show how it is possible to 
combine thorough instruction and high 
scholarship with simple faith and conse- 
crated living." 

The older of the Nyack Schools, the Mis- 
sionary Training Institute, is now in its 
thirty-first year. Thus it antedates by sev- 
eral years the organization of the Chris- 



loo Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

TiAN AND Missionary Alliance. Its first 
class was graduated in 1884. At present 
the Institute offers three courses, namely: 
a one year Christian Workers' Course, a 
full two year Biblical and missionary 
course, and a one year Post-Graduate 
course with subjects largely of a theolog- 
ical character. *Trom the beginning the 
Institute has been one of the foundations 
of the work. It has always stood for loy- 
alty to the Word of God, spiritual fervor, 
and intelligent missionary zeal. From the 
strong and wholesome atmosphere of the 
Institute its students have gone forth to 
man nearly every post in our home and for- 
eign work, and to respond to many a Di- 
vine call outside our ranks, carrying with 
them the full Gospel by lives unreservedly 
devoted to God." 



Chapter VI 

THE ENDS OF THE EARTH 

Qf S is expressed by the name of the 
/^ movement, The Christian and Mis- 
sionary Alliance has two great objects, 
namely: the experience of the fulness of 
Jesus for spirit, soul and body and the im- 
mediate evangelization of the heathen world. 

the supreme objective 
Three striking facts connected with the 
beginning of the Alliance show that its 
supreme objective is foreign missions. The 
controlling purpose and dominant note of the 
first Old Orchard Convention in 1887 ^^^ 
the speedy proclamation of the Gospel to the 
ends of the earth. Again, the International 
Missionary Alliance was incorporated a 
year earlier than the Christian Alliance. 
Finally, the International Missionary Al- 
liance was organized for the specific pur- 
pose of carrying the Gospel to Tibet, then 
an unopened and inaccessible country. This 
indeed has been from the beginning the in- 



I02 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

spiring and moulding purpose of the Society 
— to plant the banner of the cross in unoccu- 
pied and neglected mission lands. This was 
Paul's supreme missionary objective (Ro- 
mans 15, 20). 

MISSIONARY OBLIGATION 

The supreme missionary objective of the 
Alliance rests upon the solid Scriptural 
foundation of missionary obligation. This is 
fourfold : 

First. — We believe that the heathen are sit- 
ting in darkness and in the region and shadow 
of death. Moreover, we believe that the 
heathen world is lost. This is an awful belief, 
it is true; but the Alliance holds it because 
it is clearly and unmistakably taught in the 
Word of God (Luke 19:10; Romans 3: 
10-26). 

Second, — We believe that the heathen who 
are lost, having no hope and without God in 
the world, can be saved only through faith 
in the Lord Jesus Christ (Acts 4, 12; 16, 31; 
Romans 10: 9, 10). 

Third. — We believe that the Lord's people 
are under the most solemn obligation, as a 
simple matter of duty, to give the knowledge 
of Christ and His fulness to the heathen. We 



The Ends of the Earth 103 

are, we hold, trustees of the Gospel. Indeed, 
with Paul the Alliance can say : 

''I am debtor both to the Greeks and to the 
barbarians; both to the Vv^ise and the unwise. 
So, as much as in me is I am ready to preach 
the Gosper (Romans 1:14, 15). 

Fourth. — We believe that the speedy evan- 
gelization of the world will bring the glad day 
of Christ's return. For this we labor and 
pray and wait (Matthew 24:14; i Thessa- 
lonians 1 19, 10). 

DISTINCTIVE MISSIONARY PRINCIPLES 

A few years ago the President of the Alli- 
ance gave the following expression to its dis- 
tinctive missionary principles : 

"i. The work is projected from the pre- 
millennial standpoint. We believe in the per- 
sonal return of the Lord Jesus Christ and 
that the evangelization of the world is the 
best way to hasten His coming. According 
to the programme so clearly marked out in 
the fifteenth chapter of the Acts of the Apos- 
tles, the Lord is visiting the Gentiles in this 
dispensation to take out of them a people for 
His name and when this shall have been ac- 
complished, we may expect the Lord's imme- 
diate return, the restoration of Israel and the 



104 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

opening of the millennial age. We believe 
that the Gospel is to be preached 'in all the 
world as a witness unto all nations and then 
shall the end come.' So far from paralyzing 
missionary effort this blessed hope has been 
found to be a most powerful and practical 
incentive to it. 

"2. The Alliance emphasizes the special 
agency and superintendency of the Holy 
Ghost in the work of missions, seeking only 
for wholly consecrated missionaries and hold- 
ing the work under the constant direction of 
the Spirit of God. It goes without saying 
that the testimony of the Alliance is a full 
Gospel and the converts of our missions are 
led to know the Lord Jesus in His fulness 
and expect the baptism of the Holy Spirit. 

"3. Along with this it naturally follows that 
the work should be a work of faith and that 
it should be maintained by a spirit of prayer 
and continual dependence upon God. Having 
no ecclesiastical constituency the workers on 
the field and the executive officers at home 
are led to look more directly to God for all 
their resources and supplies. 

"4. The Alliance missionary work is 
evangelistic and aggressive rather than edu- 



The Ends of the Earth 105 

cational and institutional. We do not at- 
tempt to establish educational institutions, and 
transplant our denominational organizations 
to heathen soil, but to give the Gospel as 
rapidly as possible to all races and tongues. 
[In principle this continues to be the settled 
poHcy of the Society. However, in some 
countries, as Palestine and India, orphanages 
have been established, while on a growing 
number of fields training schools for native 
workers are carried on.] 

''5. Our chosen fields are the 'regions be- 
yond,' the unoccupied portions of the heathen 
world, and so our missionaries have been led 
into the most difficult and remote regions, and 
enabled to introduce the Gk)spel to many sec- 
tions where Christ had not been named, such 
as Kwang-Si in South China, the province of 
Hunan in Central China, the borders of Tibet 
[and recently the country of Annam], the 
tribes of Mongolia, the unoccupied region of 
the Congo and the Niger in Africa and some 
of the neglected republics of South America. 

"6. The principle of economy is rigidly 
aimed at. The expenses of home adminis- 
tration are reduced to the lowest possible fig- 
ure. Missionaries on the field are not prom- 



io6 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

ised regular salaries, but simply their ex- 
penses, and all the workers unite to make the 
means at our disposal accomplish the largest 
possible results without really sacrificing or 
crippling the work. [Monthly allowances suf- 
ficient to meet actual needs are granted the 
missionaries. From time to time these allow- 
ances are increased as the cost of living in 
different countries is raised.] 

''7 The principle of sacrifice is the deepest 
element in our work. Again and again it has 
been displayed upon the field by the mission- 
aries themselves, and not less by the self-sac- 
rificing gifts of those who sustain them at 
home." 

MISSIONARY STATISTICS 

The following are the latest available mis- 
sionary statistics of the Alliance: 

Fields 17 

Stations loi 

Outstations 187 

Missionaries 263 

Native workers 386 

Organized churches yj 

Communicants 5>2I7 

Baptized ( 1912) 600 

Enrolled inquirers 1,360 



The Ends of the Earth 107 

Sunday schools 107 

Scholars in Sunday schools 6,900 

Primary day schools 127 

Middle boarding schools 9 

Scholars in boarding schools 237 

Bible training schools 10 

Students in training schools 105 

Native offerings (19 12) $ 10,589.11 

School fees collected (1912) 2,560.25 

Value of mission property 275,000.00 

WORK IN MISSION LANDS 

Within the compass of a single chapter it 
is impossible to attempt to give anything like 
a complete account of the foreign missionary 
work of the Alliance during the quarter cen- 
tury. At most only an outline sketch of each 
field can be presented. 

In 1893 Mr. Simpson made a tour of visi- 
tation of our mission fields, with the exception 
of Africa and South America. His journeys 
through the Orient marked an epoch in our 
missionary history, the presence and counsel 
of the president of the Society bringing in- 
spiration and helpfulness to all our own mis- 
sionaries as well as to many missionaries of 
other Boards. Out of Mr. Simpson's letters 
to the Alliance grew "Larger Outlooks on 



io8 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

Missionary Lands/' an illustrated volume full 
of information and inspiration. From time to 
time the Board of Managers has sent several 
of its officers on deputational visits to foreign 
lands. Recently Mr. Simpson made a tour of 
visitation of the West Indies and several of 
our mission fields in South America. 

In the record of our Missionary history 
mention must be made of Mrs. A. B. Simpson. 
For years, besides being a member of the 
Board of Managers, she was Financial Sec- 
retary and also Secretary of Missionary Ap- 
pointment and Equipment. Mrs. Simpson is 
indeed the mother of the Alliance. To her 
faith and love, her self-sacrifice and prayer 
the progress and efficiency of the entire move- 
ment have been in goodly measure due. 

A bird's-eye view of our various mission 
fields will now be attempted. 

PALESTINE 

"Beginning at Jerusalem*' is the Divine 
order. 

At present there are three stations: Jeru- 
salem, Hebron and Beersheba. The staff con- 
sists of fourteen missionaries and fourteen 
native workers. 

The Alliance Mission in Palestine was 



The Ends of the Earth 109 

opened in 1890. The pioneer missionaries 
were Miss Lucy Dunn, of Pittsburgh, and 
Miss Eliza Robinson, of the Gospel Taber- 
nacle, New York. Their home in Hebron 
soon became the center of such deep and wide- 
spread spiritual influences that they became 
known as ''the women who live next door to 
God/' A little later came the Cruikshanks 
and the Murrays, who helped to lay the foun- 
dations of solid missionary work. In 1899 
Mr. and Mrs. Senft visited our Palestine mis- 
sion and were instrumental in the erection of 
an Iron Gospel Tabernacle in Jerusalem. This 
was dedicated Easter, 1904, and here General 
William Booth, of the Salvation Army, held 
a series of evangelistic services, during which 
sixty were converted. In 1906 the American 
Free Church was organized, and Easter of the 
present year a beautiful stone church was ded- 
icated, the value of the property being $25,- 
000. The Alliance has the only American 
mission in Jerusalem, and already our new 
church has become the center alike of English 
speaking worshipers and of aggressive evan- 
gelistic work. The church supj^orts an evan- 
gelist in China, and the Sunday school a 
teacher in the Congo mission. 



no Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

The appointment of the Rev. A. E. Thomp- 
son as Superintendent, in 1903, marked a new 
epoch in our Palestine mission. The work 
being accompHshed is evangehstic and educa- 
tional. By itinerating tours the Gospel is car- 
ried to widely distant parts of the country. 
The people reached are mostly Jews and 
Moslems, including Syrians, Arabs and Ar- 
menians, including some Roman Catholics. 
Work among the Jews is hindered from the 
fact that new converts to Christianity lose 
caste among their people. Bibles and tracts, in 
thirteen different languages and dialects, are 
distributed. 

In 1897 a training school for girls was 
opened in Jaffa. This has recently been re- 
moved to Jerusalem. At present forty girls 
are in attendance, one-fourth Jewesses and 
the rest Moslems, Catholics and a few Protes- 
tants. A training school for boys in Jerusa- 
lem has graduated two classes. A new theo- 
logical school for native evangelists, ministers 
and missionaries has recently been opened in 
Jerusalem. 

In prophecy and history the Holy Land has 
always been the pivotal country. "Palestine 
is in transition, customs, ideals, aspirations are 



The Ends of the Earth iii 

changing. Intolerance and exclusiveness are 
no longer universal. The right of individual 
liberty of conscience is recognized by some. 
The desire for Western culture and prosperity 
is causing many to risk religious contamina- 
tion. Men have not yet become irreligious, as 
they have in Japan. Christian meetings are 
now openly attended by Jews and Moslems. 
Every mission school is overflowing. Mis- 
sionaries are received, if not welcomed, when 
they visit Moslem villages. Everywhere doors 
are opening. In the occupied centers there is 
increased freedom for aggressive work. There 
are still neglected districts on this side of 
Jordan, and but two small mission stations in 
the trans- Jordanic country. Beyond lies Ara- 
bia, still untouched, already pierced by the 
Mecca Railway, now open from Damascus to 
Mecca. The opportunity long waited for has 
come." 

INDIA 

The Alliance missions are in the Western 
part, in the provinces of Berar, Khandesh and 
Gujerat. There are twenty-two stations, 
seventeen outstations, seventy-seven mission- 
aries and ninety-five native workers. 

In 1888 Miss Helen Dawlly, and a little 



112 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

later Miss Carrie B. Bates, with two other 
young ladies, went to India and labored ixi 
connection with an independent work of the 
Rev. M. B. and Mrs. Fuller, at Akola, Berar. 
In 1892 the Alliance took over the North 
Berar Mission, and the same year a party of 
sixteen missionaries went out with the Fullers 
to the new field. The following year there 
were forty-seven missionaries in India. In 
1894 a number of stations were opened in 
Khandesh and Gujerat. 

Until recently an English work was carried 
on in the city of Bombay, where Berachah 
Home, a receiving sttaion for new mission- 
aries and an institution for rest and healing, 
was for many years located. 

Extending from 200 to 450 miles east of 
Bombay is the Marathi field, divided into the 
two districts of Khandesh and Berar. The 
people are mostly farmers, proud and exclu- 
sive, and it is their boast that they have never 
yielded to foreign influence. To the north of 
Bombay 280 miles is the Gujerati field. It is 
a pastoral district, and the people are simple 
and more open to the Gospel than the Marathi. 

Because of the frequent and terrible rav- 
ages of famine in India a prominent place in 



The Ends of the Earth 113 

missionary effort must be given to orphanage 
work. At Kaira and Khamgaon the Alli- 
ance has orphanages for girls, and at Dholka 
and Akola, in connection with flourishing in- 
dustrial work, orphanages for boys, 300 chil- 
dren being in the four institutions. Some 
years ago during a severe famine The Chris- 
tian Herald, of New York, supported 250 
children in our orphanages. The membership 
of our native churches has largely been re- 
cruited from the orphanages. Difficult in all 
mission fields, missionary statistics are partic- 
ularly difficult in India. After fifteen years 
of Alliance work there was a native church 
membership of fifteen hundred. In 1907 our 
Indian mission (and in particular the orphan- 
ages) was visited by the wonderful revival 
which, beginning in Wales and England, swept 
over many countries and touched our own 
shores. The fruit of this remarkable work 
of grace is still being gathered. In fact, India 
is to-day more open to the Gospel than ever 
before. The native church has been spiritu- 
ally quickened, especially among the higher 
classes, heathen hearts have been Divinely 
softened, and on every hand the missionaries 
are meeting a more friendly spirit and finding 



114 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

more open doors than, without increased and 
immediate reinforcements, they can enter. 

A few years ago our Indian mission decided 
to emphasize the importance of station and 
itinerating evangelism as the foundation of 
permanent missionary work. To this end the 
training of native workers was found to be 
essential. Accordingly, two important Bibli- 
cal and Theological Schools for this purpose 
have already been established, chiefly through 
the generous gift of Mr. D. B. Strouse of 
Salem, Va. 

The India Alliance, a monthly paper, has 
for years been an invaluable agency in all 
our varied missionary work. Of our earlier 
missionaries one name stands out above all 
others. It is not too much to say that the 
life and labors of Mrs. Jennie Fuller have 
left a lasting impress on India. Her * 'Wrongs 
of Indian Womanhood,'' a missionary classic, 
has done much toward ameliorating the con- 
dition of native women. 

CHINA 

In the empire, now the republic, of China 
the Alliance has mission stations in the prov- 
inces of Kwang-si, Anhuei, Hunan, Hupeh, 
Kansu, and adjacent borders of Tibet and the 



The Ends of the Earth 115 

city of Shanghai. In all there are twenty-six 
stations, thirty-five outstations, ninety-two 
missionaries, and 143 native workers. This 
varied exhibit represents the work of four 
different missions, namely : South China, West 
China and Tibet, Central China and the city 
of Shanghai. 

CENTRAL CHINA 

This mission occupies the three inland 
provinces of Anhuei, Hunan and Hupeh. 
There are eight stations, thirteen outstations, 
forty-one missionaries, and fifty-two native 
workers. 

This field is somewhat unwieldy for the 
most effective missionary work, spreading out 
in several wings from the city of Wuhu in 
Anhuei and the cities of Hankow and Wu 
Chang in Hupeh. The station nearest to the 
sea coast and the station farthest from the sea 
coast are as wide apart as New York and 
St. Louis. In general the territory follows 
the course of the Yang-Tse River, and the 
constituency which the Mission seeks to reach 
with the Gospel numbers about 7,000,000 
people. 

Central China is our oldest Mission in 
China. It was opened in 1890. The first ap- 



ii6 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

pointed missionary was the Rev. William Cas- 
sidy, who died from smallpox while en route 
to his post. In 1894 a commodious Receiv- 
ing Home for new missionaries while en- 
gaged in language study and for annual con- 
ferences was built in Wuhu, the headquarters. 
Hunan, the most anti-foreign of China's eigh- 
teen provinces, was the last to permit the 
missionary — the hated ''foreign deviF' — to 
enter and remain. But in 1896 "three of our 
missionaries — Brown, Alexander and Chapin 
' — were honored of God to be among the pi- 
oneers of Hunan and to endure no little rough 
treatment and danger for Christ's sake." In 
Chang-teh in November, 1897, these brethren 
opened the first Protestant Mission Station in 
Hunan. Now the Alliance has three sta- 
tions in three of the largest cities of Hunan. 
In Chang-teh a Boys' School has recently 
been started. In 1908 a training school for 
native workers was opened in Wuchang, the 
new headquarters. In 1909 a gracious revi- 
val visited several of our mission stations.* 

According to the latest statistics, in our 
Central China Mission there are over four 



♦From the mission comes a ringing Macedonian 
cry for help. 



The Ends of the Earth 117 

hundred communicants. Eight Sunday schools 
have an attendance of 579 children. Eleven 
primary schools . teach 249 scholars. Two 
middle schools had sixty students, until closed 
by the recent revolution. 

SOUTH CHINA 

This mission occupies the southern prov- 
ince of Kwang-si. There are ten stations, 
fifteen outstations, thirty-six missionaries, and 
fifty-five native workers. 

Kwang-si is a compact, mountainous and 
hostile province, somewhat larger than the 
New England States, and with a population 
of 6,000,000, or about equal to that of the 
Dominion of Canada. 

The Alliance secured a foothold in South 
China or the Portuguese island of Macao in 
1893. Two years later, in 1895, ^^^ province 
of Kwang-si was entered. ''Upon the 
Christian and Missionary Alliance the 
Lord conferred the honor and privilege of 
having the first permanent resident mission- 
aries within Kwang-si's hostile borders, and 
to our missionaries even yet has been left the 
great bulk of the work of evangelizing this 
whole province. Our workers have braved 
the hardships of pioneer work and primitive 



ii8 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

modes of travel and life, have endured insult 
and ill-treatment on their lonely inland sta- 
tions, and have stood firm at their posts of 
danger when infuriated mobs have gathered at 
the chapel doors and attempted to tear down 
the premises/' Continuing the story Mr. Old- 
field says : ''During the seventeen or eighteen 
years that have followed our earliest occupa- 
tion, many itinerating trips have been made 
through the various portions of the province, 
Gospels and tracts have been scattered and 
much preparatory work done. In spite of 
hardships and trials incident to pioneer mis- 
sionary work, the Lord has blessed our mis- 
sion abundantly and set His seal upon its 
labors." 

Wuchow, the headquarters of our mission, 
was opened in 1907. Here in 1909 an at- 
tractive chapel was built. The native church 
is entirely self-supporting, having a strong 
staff of local workers. More recently two 
Bible training schools for native workers have 
been opened and have already sent out many 
consecrated men and women. A girls' school 
has also been erected. An excellent printing 
plant, which puts out a Full-Gospel mag- 
azine in Chinese, also issues the South 



The Ends of the Earth 119 

China Alliance Tidings, a monthly paper 
of great value in carrying on our missionary 
work. In 1908 the great revival wave visited 
many of the stations. 

According to the latest available statistics 
in the South China field ''there are eleven 
native churches with a membership of 701. 
Besides the 153 baptisms reported there are 
182 inquirers, 390 in Sunday schools, 297 in 
primary schools, 58 in higher schools and 2(i 
under special training for missionary work." 
Tidings come that unless Kwang-Si is fully 
occupied at once part of the territory will be 
lost to another society. 

WEST china and TIBET 

This mission occupies the far northwestern 
province of Kansu and Amdo, the north- 
eastern province of Tibet. There are seven 
stations, nine outstations, fourteen mission- 
aries and nineteen native workers. 

The province of Kansu has a high elevation 
and is difficult of access. *Tt is reached by 
a hard, tedious journey, partly by river and 
partly overland, and consuming three months 
from Hankow." All our Mission Stations 
along the China-Tibetan border are located in 
the valley of the Tao River, which empties 



120 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

into the Yellow River thirty-five miles west 
of Lanchow, the capital of Kansu. 

The Alliance entered Kansu in 1904. In 
that year Chone was opened, and now has 
a small church and a girls' day school. In 
1905 Tihtao was opened. Here our Mission 
owns a fine property, comprising a church of 
sixty members and a promising Bible Train- 
ing School, started in 1908, by the late Rev. 
David P. Ekvall. Minchow was opened in 
1906, and has a native church of sixty mem- 
bers, fifteen of whom are women. And the 
same year Taochow (new city) was perma- 
nently opened by the late Miss Effie Gregg. 
Here a church building has been erected to 
her memory and also to the memory of Mrs. 
Frank Baer (nee Ruth Lindberg) who, after 
nursing Miss Gregg through her fatal illness 
of smallpox, contracted the dread disease and 
died. 

About twenty years ago the late Rev. David 
W. Lelacheur was appointed Superintendent 
of our missions in China. On an extraordi- 
nary pioneer tour attended by great danger 
and extreme hardship he penetrated to Chone, 
across the borders of hostile Tibet. He visited 
the Lamasery of Darge and prayed that God 



The Ends of the Earth 121 

would give the Alliance this heathen temple 
for the preaching of the Gospel. At the time 
it seemed that such a prayer could not be 
answered in our lifetime, but "with God all 
things are possible'' and ''all things are possible 
to him that believeth/' However, the property 
is now possessed by our Mission, along with 
thirty acres of land attached, and has appro- 
priately been called the ''Lelacheur Memorial." 
The headquarters of our Tibetan work is at 
Taochow (old city), an important commercial 
border town, where we have a promising 
church and a girls' boarding-school. 

Our Tibetan work, begun in 1905, is largely 
among Mohammedans. Recently the Mission 
was visited by a most gracious revival, which 
resulted in the conversion of many sinners 
and spiritual quickening and strengthening of 
the native churches. 

"Formerly we had considerable work in 
northern Shansi, carried on by our Swedish 
brethren; and a women's work at Pekin, un- 
der the leadership of Miss Duow. During 
the Boxer uprising of 1900 these Swedish 
Missions were broken up, and more than 
thirty of our precious workers and their lit- 
tle ones died the death of martyrs. As yet 



122 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

the Board has not seen its way clear to re- 
open the work in these parts/' 

SHANGHAI 

In the city of Shanghai, the important 
central port of China, there is an aggressive 
work being carried on among English-speak- 
ing Chinese and also the sailors of American 
and European men-of-war, always in port. 
The work is in charge of Mr. and Mrs. 
Woodberry with four missionaries and seven- 
teen native helpers. Besides Beulah Home, 
there is a church of sixty members, a Sunday 
school of 1 20 and day schools numbering 
about 140 scholars. Our Shanghai Mission 
owns a valuable property consisting of two 
fine houses erected in 1909 at a cost of about 
$20,000. 

In 1902 Mr. and Mrs. Woodberry made a 
long and difficult journey through Shensi to 
settle the Society's claim for indemnity in 
connection with the lives and losses sustained 
by our Swedish Mission. 

ANNAM 

This is our youngest mission field. The 
great kingdom of Annam was only recently 
opened by some of our South China workers. 
The city of Touraine has been occupied and 



The Ends of the Earth 123 

the adjacent district is being evangelized. 
Our Alliance work is the only Protestant 
Mission among 20,000,000 heathen. Already 
many are interested in the Gospel, and one 
has been baptized. Four or five cities are 
ready to receive missionaries. Money is com- 
ing in for Annam and reinforcements are be- 
ing sent. 

JAPAN 

The Alliance Mission in Japan comprises 
one station, three outstations, nine mission- 
aries and nine native workers. Our work is 
located in the city and province of Hiroshima, 
about twelve hours' ride from Kobe. 

In 1 89 1 Miss Helen Kinney opened an 
orphanage in Japan. Another pioneer mission- 
ary was Miss Emma Bams. Dr. Gulick was 
appointed Superintendent in 1893. During 
these two decades our mission work has 
passed through many vicissitudes. Some sta- 
tions, once occupied, have been abandoned. 
A new and commodious chapel is about 
to be erected in Hiroshima. In the city 
of Hiroshima we have a most encour- 
aging work. Mr. Lindstrom says: "God has 
again opened the door for Bible classes among 



124 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

students in Hiroshimaj, and several of these 
young men have already decided for Christ. 
Our Gospel meetings in the halls of Hiro- 
shima are well attended, and the people are 
ready to listen. Our Sunday morning services 
are largely attended and deeply spiritual. The 
Sunday evening Gospel meetings are well ad- 
vertised by a band of enthusiastic young be- 
lievers walking through the streets behind a 
big drum, and carrying lanterns and banners 
to lead the way to the Mission. A great num- 
ber of children attend Sunday school, and are 
the real hope of the future church. Seven 
young men attend our training class for na- 
tive workers. Cheering tidings have come to 
us from Shobara, one of our outstations, of 
revived interest there. Finally, when our 
new chapel shall be opened during tfiis year, 
we expect the people of Hiroshima to take 
a much greater interest in the work and that 
many souls shall be saved." In 1906 a revi- 
val swept over Japan, quickening and 
strengthening our Mission. 

The present statistics show a native church 
membership of 179, Sunday school scholars 
numbering 400, a day school with forty-five 
in attendance, besides seven in the training 



The Ends of the Earth 125 

school for native workers. 

PHILIPPINE ISLANDS 

The Alliance Mission in the PhiHppine 
Islands comprises one station, twelve outsta- 
tions, six missionaries and four native 
workers. 

Our work is on the island of Mindanao, the 
second largest island in the Archipelago. The 
pioneer missionary was David McKee, who 
had been a soldier in the Philippines, and 
who began evangelistic work in 1902. His 
ministry was cut short by death from cholera, 
contracted while nursing the sick. After a 
break of two years Mr. and Mrs. D. O. Lund, 
who had been laboring among seamen, took 
up the work. The staff has since been in- 
creased to six. 

Missionary work is carried on among the 
pagan aborigines, Japanese, Chinese, Moham- 
medans and, to a very large extent, Roman- 
ists. The work among the Romanists has 
encountered bitter and violent opposition, but 
is making steady headway. 

"From Zamboanga, the headquarters, con- 
stant itinerancies are made, open air meetings 
held, and great quantities of Scripture por- 



126 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

tions and tracts distributed from house to 
house in that district and on another island 
called Basilan/' An automobile reaches many 
interior towns; while along the coastline of 
Zamboanga, 700 miles in extent and dotted 
with villages containing 100,000 people, a 
motorboat plies. ''The people come out in 
crowds to hear the 'sweet story of old/ The 
interest is most encouraging, and in the differ- 
ent towns little groups are taking their stand 
for the Lord and the Bible." A translation 
of the Bible in the Moro language is nearing 
completion. 

The statistics of our Mission show a native 
church of ninety-seven, with forty recent bap- 
tisms, a Sunday school of 150, a girls' school 
numbering 100, with fourteen persons in the 
training school for native workers. 

AFRICA^THE SOUDAN. 

The Soudan Mission comprises five stations, 
three outstations, sixteen missionaries and 
two native workers. 

The Alliance took over the "Soudan 
Mission" in 1892. The name Soudan, how- 
ever, is a misnomer, as all our work is in 
the British maritime colony of Sierre Leone. 
Freetown was for a time occupied as our 



The Ends of the Earth 127 

Mission headquarters. Here in the Uttle Eng- 
Hsh cemetery is buried the Rev. D. W. 
Lelacheur, Field Superintendent of the Al- 
liance, who died in 1901 while on a deputa- 
tional visit to the Soudan. 

Our present stations follow generally the 
course of the Rokel River, and are located in 
the Timne and Kuranko countries. One 
hundred and twenty miles inland is Makomp, 
the present terminus of a new railway, which 
makes this station the convenient headquar- 
ters of our Mission. Ten miles south of Ma- 
komp is Mayose, 140 miles inland is Masum- 
beri. Farandugo is 200 miles inland. And 
Tibabadugo, the farthest inland station, is 220 
miles from the coast. 

The Soudan Mission is our hardest field. 
Indeed, along with manifest tokens of the 
Divine presence and gracious seasons of pros- 
perity, it has always had a struggle for ex- 
istence. The climate is most dangerous. In 
proportion to its size and the number of for- 
eign workers there have been more mission- 
ary deaths than on any other field. The Sou- 
dan has indeed been called "the white man's 
grave." Climatic difficulties, however, are 
being overcome, and in recent years there 



128 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

have been fewer deaths among our workers. 
Once flourishing stations, such as Magbelle, 
Bethel and Benduga have been closed for lack 
of missionaries to man them. Language dif- 
ficulties are not formidable, nor are the natives 
hostile. Mohammedan opposition, however, 
is bitter and treacherous. The problem of 
the Soudan is twofold: perilous climate and 
dearth of missionaries and trained native 
workers, especially men. But the problem, 
while perplexing, is not insoluble. 

There must be a forward movement in the 
Soudan. The thirty lonely missionary graves 
emphasize the demand. Ten men and ten 
thousand dollars, accompanied with much 
prayer and mighty faith, would go far to solve 
the Soudan problem. Here is a challenge! 
Who will meet it? 

Already indeed a brighter day is dawning 
upon the Soudan. The little band of intrepid 
workers has been reinforced. Fresh interest 
is manifested. Some stations in the Kuranko 
country have been reopened. A number of 
baptisms have occurred. One hundred and 
ninety attend four Sunday schools, and nine- 
teen attend four primary schools. A little 
printing press has been installed, and a primer 



The Ends of the Earth 129 

has been printed and circulated in the Timne 
language. On all sides the prospects are 
bright and encouraging. 

AFRICA — THE CONGO 

The Congo Mission comprises seven sta- 
tions, sixty-eight outstations, twenty-five mis- 
sionaries and sixty-nine native workers. 

The Congo has the signal distinction of 
being the first field to which a band of mis- 
sionaries was sent. In the fall of 1884, sev- 
eral years before the Alliance was organ- 
ized, eight young men sailed for the Congo, 
the fruit of the first class of the New York 
Missionary Training Institute. In the early 
years of the Alliance movement several 
quite large parties opened up and developed 
the Congo field. Among the pioneer mission- 
aries were John Condit, John and Peter Scott 
and William Macomber, the sainted Gospel 
hymn writer. 

Of the seven stations in operation at 
present Boma, at the mouth of the Congo 
River, is the receiving station and headquar- 
ters of the mission. This sea coast town is 
a growing commercial center. Then in their 
order up country from Boma are the five 
stations of Vungu, Lolo, Kinkonzi, Maduda, 



130 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

and Yema.* These are all located in the 
lower Belgian Congo, in what is called the 
"Mayombe'' district. The seventh station is 
Mboka, which is located in Portuguese terri* 
tory, north of the ''Mayombe'' district. 

The Congo is one of our best mission 
fields, aiid this in the face of a dangerous 
tropical climate and other perils and trying 
conditions paralleled only in the Soudan. In- 
deed, in every respect this is a singularly effi- 
cient Mission. For the first time in years one 
of our missionaries recently laid down his life. 
In fact, for a period of seven years the ranks 
of foreign workers was unbroken by death. 
This is a truly wonderful record of Divine 
preservation and providence and is cause for 
thanksgiving and praise to God. 

Native living conditions in Congoland have 
been a reproach and disgrace to so-called 
Christian civilization. The white man has 
here made the abode of his black brother a 
veritable ^'habitation of cruelty." For the 
wretched people are not only the victims by 
natural inheritance and environment of super- 
stition, witchcraft and idolatry, but they have 



*Recently Yema and Maduda have been consoli- 
dated with Kinkonzi in a strong forward movement. 



The Ends of the Earth 131 

been made victims by European commerce and 
politics of the unspeakable rubber atrocities. 
However, "political conditions have improved, 
and the horrors formerly reported through the 
excesses of the traders and officials have 
ceased for the time. But the Roman Catholics 
are openly hostile, and there have been several 
cases of violent assaults upon the missionaries 
and native Christians by their people." 

On the other hand, the Mission reports a 
splendid work being carried on in the many 
outstations by the seventy trained native 
evangelists. There is a native church of 
nearly 800 memibers, with not quite 100 bap- 
tisms reported for the past year. The Sun- 
day schools are attended by 700, and about 
1,400 are enrolled in the primary schools. 
Last year "the contributions of our native 
Christians amounted to $650, an average of 
almost one dollar per member, putting to 
shame the average gifts of the majority of 
American Christians for Missions." Re- 
cently a gracious outpouring of the Holy 
Spirit visited this field, quickening both the 
missionary staff and the native church. A 
number of remarkable cases of Divine Heal- 



132 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

ing have occurred. There is an imperative 
need for a training school for native evan- 
gehsts. 

THE WEST INDIES — JAMAICA 

The Alliance Mission in the British colony 
of Jamaica comprises two stations, three out- 
stations, three missionaries, and two native 
workers. 

More than fifteen years ago Mission work 
was begun on this beautiful island by Mr. 
and Mrs. D. A. McKillop, and is now being 
carried on by Mr. and Mrs. George H. Mc- 
Clare. The Mission has had its lights and 
shadows, but is now in a prosperous condi- 
tion. There is a native church membership 
of 237 in two separate congregations, and 
three enrolled Sunday schools with 396 in 
attendance; 100 recent converts are soon to 
be baptized. 

THE WEST INDIES — PORTO RICO 

The Alliance Mission in Porto Rico com- 
prises ten stations, eleven outstations, three 
missionaries and twenty-one native workers. 

Since the Spanish-American war Porto 
Rico, like the distant Philippines, is really 
Home missionary territory. **Our work on 
this island is unique in this respect, that it 



The Ends of the Earth 133 

has from the beginning been chiefly conducted 
by workers who are themselves converts from 
the Roman church and Latin America. It is 
a fine example of the value and efficiency oi 
such work." According to the statistics there 
is a total membership (in ten organized 
churches) of 341, not including twenty-one 
baptisms, and 129 recent converts. There is 
a total Sunday school enrollment of 623. Last 
year the offering of the native Christians was 
$1,108, or an average of about $3.25 per head! 
Four students are preparing for future serv- 
ice in the Mission at the Bible School in 
Venezuela. 

THE WEST INDIES — SANTO DOMINGO 

The Alliance Mission in Santo Domingo 
comprises but one station, three outstations, 
one missionary and one native worker. 

Although the population of the island is 
only 30,000, and the field restricted, yet much 
itinerant work is done, and there is a healthy 
native church. The membership is forty-one, 
with a Sunday school attendance of forty. 
Last year $190 was contributed, an average 
per member of nearly five dollars ! 



134 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

SOUTH AMERICA 

South America, so long ''the neglected 
continent/' becomes through the opening of 
the Panama Canal more and more ''the conti- 
nent of opportunity." And the responsibiHty 
of the United States to evangelize its sister 
America becomes correspondingly weighty 
and urgent. 

In Latin America the Alliance has four 
Missions, namely, in Venezuela, Ecuador, Ar- 
gentine and Chile, in South America. The 
greatest enemy of Protestant evangelical mis- 
sions in Latin America is Rome with her 
ignorance, superstition and priest-craft. But 
everywhere the power of Roman Catholicism 
over the people is weakening. And the 
future, yes, the present menace of spiritual 
missionary forces are atheism on the one 
hand and cold formal Christianity on the 
other hand. 

VENEZUELA 

The Alliance Mission in Venezuela com- 
prises four stations, three outstations, five 
missionaries and five native workers. 

Our Mission was opened in 1895, Miss 
White and Miss Lanman being the pioneer 
missionaries. Two years later Mr. and Mrs. 



The Ends of the Earth 135 

Bailly reached the field. In 1903 the first 
native church was organized; while in 1908 
our Mission dedicated the first Protestant 
church in Venezuela. 'There are three native 
churches with sixty-seven members. Last 
year there were fifteen additions by baptism, 
and twenty-five were hopefully converted. 
One hundred children attend the Sunday 
school classes, and twenty-eight the day 
schools. There is a training class for native 
workers, with eight students, four of whom 
are Porto Ricans. This school is connected 
with the Industrial Home at Hebron, a few 
miles from Caracas." 

ECUADOR 

The Alliance Mission in Ecuador com- 
prises three stations,* three outstations, five 
missionaries, and two native workers. 

Our Mission was opened about 1897, when 
Mr. and Mrs. Tarbox and Mr. Fritz went to 
the field. Following them somewhat later 
were Mr. and Mrs. Crisman and Mr. and 
Mrs. Polk. Ecuador was once the most 
deeply sunk of all South American republics, 
because of the shadow of baptized paganism. 
Now, however, the country is opening its 

*NameIy, Monte Cristi, Ambato and Quito. 



136 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

doors to Christ and offering special oppor- 
tunities for Christian civihzation. We have 
a native church membership of twenty-seven, 
with a Sunday school enrollment of eighty- 
five. Last year there were three baptisms and 
twenty-five inquirers. The religious outlook 
is bright and encouraging. 

ARGENTINE 

The Alliance Mission in the Argentine 
comprises three stations, four outstations, 
eight missionaries, and two native workers. 
One of our stations, Gualeguay, is in the 
northern part of the province of Gualeguay, 
while the other two stations, Azul and Oli- 
varria, are located not far apart in the west- 
ern section. 

Our Mission was opened in 1897. "TKe 
republic of Argentina is the most progressive 
country in the world, commercially and in- 
dustrially; but its people are in the darkest 
moral and spiritual night and sunk in com- 
plete indifference and insensibility. The 
church of Rome has so utterly lost its holl 
upon the community that not more than ten 
per cent, of its university students have any 
faith in Christianity, and, worse still, have 
forever condemned Christianity because of 



f 



The Ends of the Earth 137 

the exhibition of it which the Roman church 
has so long afforded. They are, therefore, 
harder to reach than the heathen/' 

According to statistics we have a native 
church membership of lOO, with a Sunday 
school enrollment of 140. Last year there 
were five baptisms and nearly a hundred in- 
quirers. While the spiritual need of the Ar- 
gentine is desperate, the missionary outlook 
is bright and hopeful. Indeed, the forward 
movement has started in our Mission. A new 
station, Tapalque, has been opened through 
a tent campaign. A gracious revival has vis- 
ited the place, and already there are twenty 
believers. These results have encouraged the 
mission to launch out in an extensive tent 
work to possess new territory. 

CHILE 

The Alliance Mission in Chile comprises 
twelve stations, twenty outstations, ten mis- 
sionaries, and seventeen native workers. 

Our Chile Mission was opened in 1907. In 
that year the Rev. H. L. Weiss, who with his 
wife had been working with the Methodists, 
''heard that there was a colony of German 
people who had had a revival and were work- 
ing on independent lines. They had been 



138 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

praying for just such a man, and it did not 
take long for him to meet them and effect 
a union, which was immediately sealed by 
God in the conviction and conversion of 
souls. Thus the great work of creating the 
first native church in Chile was accom- 
pHshed/' This was in the city of Valdivia, 
which contains our strongest native church. 
It has a membership of 100, and has for 
years supported its pastor. Valdivia has three 
outstations, with a number of permanent 
preaching places manned by eight native pas- 
tors. Indeed, only two mission stations are 
in the hands of foreign missionaries, namely, 
Santiago and Osomo. All are loyal and suc- 
cessful, souls being saved in every place. 

A printing press has been installed and has 
feeen greatly blessed in the wide circulation 
of Gospel tracts. A little steamer, the ''Mes- 
senger," plies the navigable rivers. Mr. S. W. 
Diener has entered upon work among the In- 
dians, and has opened a school among them. 
He is engaged in acquiring the Indian lan- 
guage. Miss Le Fevre hopes soon to open 
an orphanage. She already has a few happy 
children under her care, and is teaching them 
the ways of the Lord. Between our Chilean 



The Ends of the Earth 139 

and Argentine fields, which are separated by 
the Andes, are a company of behevers. In- 
deed, a string of stations from coast to coast 
would be entirely practicable, and would aid 
in solving the problem of evangelizing the 
Indians of Peru, Boh via, Brazil, and the 
Argentine. Until recently very few success- 
ful attempts have been made to reach them. 
Mr. Diener must be assisted and sustained in 
his heroic work. Who will go? 

According to statistics we have a native 
church membership of 508. Last year $4,400 
was contributed for the Lord's work.. There 
is a strong and flourishing associate work 
among German colonists, under the leadership 
of Mr. Barkowitch. 

In the above fields there are 43,000,000 
dependent upon our Alliance Missions for 
the Bread of Life. 

An average of one missionary to 164,000 
heathen. 

An average of one native worker to iii,- 
000 heathen. 

An average of one church member to 
8,242. 

GIVE, PRAY, GO 



Chapter VII 

RETROSPECT AND PROSPECT 

^ WENTY-FIVE years! The quarter 
\J/ centennial of the Alliance is a good 
point of vantage from which to look back- 
ward upon the past and to look forward into 
the future. 

RETROSPECT 

As the thoughtful and devout mind reviews 
the history of the Christian and Mission- 
ary Alliance, the words of Balaam, when 
he gazed upon the camp of Israel spread out 
before him, rise to the lips : 

''What hath God wrought?'' (Numbers 23: 

23). 

But in particular, this brief record of 
achievements suggests several reflections: 

First. — A conviction that the movement is 
of God. For more than a quarter of a 
century before its inception, the Lord had 
chosen and by His providences had been edu- 
cating and training the founder and leader 
of the Alliance. Moreover, for many years 



Retrospect and Prospect 141 

and by varied experiences hundreds of lives 
throughout this country and Canada, and in- 
deed all over the world, had been Divinely 
prepared to embrace heartily and support 
loyally the new evangelistic and missionary 
movement, launched at Old Orchard in the 
summer of 1887. Finally, the time was ripe 
in the Christian world. As we have seen, the 
impulse of five spiritual movements, taking 
their rise in the last century, finds expression 
and receives emphasis in our rounded testi- 
mony and simple organization: Evangelism, 
Holiness, Divine Healing, Foreign Missions, 
and the Lord's Return. 

Second. — A recognition that the seal of 
God has rested upon the movement. No 
candid, spiritual person, who knows our his- 
tory, can escape this. Born in an atmosphere 
of faith and prayer, the Alliance grew up 
amid an environment of considerable misun- 
derstanding and consequent frequent misrep- 
resentation. In some quarters, indeed, the 
Society has always met antagonism, which is 
very largely due either to erroneous views or 
inadequate knowledge as to its true spirit and 
real purpose. Of course, our teaching on 
Divine healing and, to a less degree, on sane- 



142 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

tification and the return of the Lord are, be- 
cause of the nature of the doctrines, opposed 
by many of the Lord's people. Reproach on 
account of its position on these vital Scrip- 
ture truths, the Alliance must expect and 
may even welcome. But that to so large an 
extent evangelical churches, multitudes of 
whose members either are connected with the 
Alliance or attend its services, and to whose 
entire membership indeed the Alliance de- 
sires to minister the truth and grace com- 
mitted to it, should continue to reject its 
message or question its motive, is cause for 
serious and distressing regret. However, in 
face of much criticism of its methods and 
strong opposition to its teachings, the Alli- 
ance has reached vigorous manhood, and the 
pleasure of the Lord has prospered in its 
hands. But again, through the loving kind- 
ness and good providence of God our Society 
has survived without division or serious loss 
shocks from wilhin the ranks. Of those num- 
bered among us during the quarter century 
the words of the Apostle are true of some: 
'They went out from us, but they were not 
of us; for if they had been of us they would 
no doubt have continued with us: but they 



Retrospect and Prospect 143 

went out, that they might be made manifest 
that they were not of us" (i John 2:19). 
Of those who *'went out from us/' some in- 
deed returned. In truth, the Gospel of the 
fulness of Jesus for spirit, soul and body is 
a searcher of hearts and a weigher of mo- 
tives. One cannot preach it or teach it with 
POWER apart from a vital experience of its 
renewing, transforming and energizing influ- 
ences. And if one be a living exponent of 
the Gospel of the fulness of Jesus, he will 
be actuated by the unselfish purpose of Him 
Who "came not to be ministered unto but to 
minister'' (Matthew 20:28). But He who 
has led will, we believe, still lead and con- 
tinue to let His approving seal rest upon 
our beloved Alliance. 

Third. — A spirit of joyous praise for many 
truly remarkable achievements. A few sta- 
tistical items and jottings by the way may be 
left to tell their own story. 

During the quarter century over $4,000,000 
(four million dollars) have been raised for 
the varied purposes of our work. Of this 
large amount the greater proportion has gone 
to the foreign field. When it is recalled that 
the constituency of the Alliance is far from 



144 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

wealthy, that most of the free-will offerings 
are for small amounts and that the money 
given represents in multiplied instances rigid 
economy and in many lives sacrificial suffer- 
ing, surely this is a marvelous achievement, 
which calls forth devout praise. 

Throughout the twenty-five years the 
Gospel of the fulness of Jesus has been pro- 
claimed to literally hundreds of thousands of 
people in many lands and in varied languages, 
and just as literally thousands and even tens 
of thousands have come unto the experience 
of Christ as Saviour, Sanctifier, Healer and 
Coming Lord. 

In the home land and in the foreign field 
the Society owns property valued at more 
than half a million ($500,000) dollars. 

To our Missions in China have been provi- 
dentially given the signal honor of opening 
the hostile provinces of Kwang-si and Hunan 
and of being the first missionaries to Tibet 
and Annam. Furthermore, our beautiful 
new American church in Jerusalem is a no- 
table achievement of Divine goodness. The 
Alliance built the first Protestant church in 
Venezuela. 

Last year the membership of our native 




a stations 



PORTO RICO 



lOiStalions 



3vCAy or THE 



WEST INDIES 



SCAUe OP MIUES 



»crAI> OF 



SOUTH AMERICA 

SCALE OF MILFS 



ECUADOR 

zstH 




H.Van D/cK iqi3 



Retrospect and Prospect 145 

churches, numbering not far from 6,000, in- 
creased thirteen (13) per cent. Here in 
America the Protestant church membership 
increased only a httle over one (i) per cent. 
"The native churches have attained a high 
standard of spiritual life and vigor. Spirit- 
filled and efficient native workers have been 
called, trained and sent forth. There have 
been many wonderful cases of Divine heal- 
ing in answer to prayer." 

Fourth. — ^A spirit of deep and devout 
humility. While many worthy achievements 
of the past stand to its credit, yet the Alli- 
ance should not glory therein. Rather, we 
are sure, does the Society take the place as- 
signed it by the words of our Lord: "So 
likewise ye, when ye shall have done all these 
things which are commanded you, say, we 
are unprofitablbe servants; we have done 
that which was our duty to do*' (Luke 17, 
10). Writing of our quarter centennial Dr. 
R. H. Glover says: "While it is cause for 
thanksgiving and encouragement, it is no 
ground for self -content or congratulation, but 
only an incentive to greater effort and a 
stepping-stone to larger achievement. The 
unmet need is appalling, the opportunity in- 



[46 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

spiring, the call imperative. And so the cele* 
bration of this anniversary is designed to be 
of the nature not of a mere commemoration 
of the past, but rather of a greater forward 
movement to meet the open doors and reach 
the regions beyond." 

Fifth, — ^A spirit of deep appreciation and 
profound gratitude. The Alliance has a 
long and ever lengthening roll of faithful, 
loyal and efficient foreign missionaries and 
home workers. This historical sketch is in- 
tended to be, not an exploitation of persons 
but a narration of providences. The writer 
is sure that he is not astray in the belief that 
his brethren would prefer to stand, even un- 
named, in the background and permit our 
adorable Lord and His glorious Gospel to fill 
the picture. A nobler, grander, humbler, 
more self-sacrificing, and more Christlike 
body of men and women than our Alliance 
workers at home and abroad it would be 
hard to find. Indeed, their like, we believe, 
are not upon the earth. Of them, with re- 
spect to our honored and beloved leader, 
may be said what was written of King Saul: 
"There went with him a band of men, whose 
hearts God had touched'' (i Samuel 10:26). 



Retrospect and Prospect 147 

But of the missionaries and home work- 
ers, who during the quarter century have 
been called to their eternal rest, the Alli- 
ance has a long honor roll. Indeed, it is 
sadly true, as our president has said, that 
''after the lapse of almost an entire genera- 
tion many, if not most, of the original 
friends and supporters have passed or are 
passing away." What a rich and precious 
heritage is left us in the memory of our 
beloved fellow laborers who are with the 
Lord." 

PROSPECT 

Turning to consider the future of the 
Alliance, all the friends and lovers of the 
work hope and pray that *'the glory of this 
latter house shall be greater than that of the 
former" (Haggai 2, 9). There are indeed 
convincing reasons why it should be so. 

First, — The call of God rests upon the 
Society now in even greater degree than at 
its inception a quarter of a century ago. By 
no manner of means has the Alliance out- 
lived its original purpose or Divine useful- 
ness. Far from being in a state of decrepi- 
tude, the movement has not yet reached adult 
maturity. Rather is it throbbing with the full 



148 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

pulses and expanding with the exuberant vi- 
tality and strength of youthful manhood. 
Larger than ever before is the place which 
the Alliance fills in the religious world. 
During the twenty-five years of its existence 
no organization animated by a like spirit or 
serving a like purpose has sprung up. Both 
the message and the mission of our Society 
are unique. 

Second. — The message and the mission of 
the Alliance are as wide as the Gospel and 
as varied as human need. Salvation from 
sin, sanctification and satisfaction through 
Christ, supernatural health for the body, and 
the blessed hope of the return of the Lord — 
any one of these vital Scriptural truths alone 
makes a timely message and constitutes a 
worthy mission. But "the city lieth four- 
square." And in combining and proclaiming 
the Fourfold Gospel our Society has, we 
believe, the greatest and grandest Scriptural 
message of any sectarian church or religious 
organization upon earth. 'The whole Gospel 
for the whole man and for the whole world.'' 
This is at once our special calling and dis- 
tinctive testimony. 

Third, — The entire homeland in its vast 



Retrospect and Prospect 149 

length and breadth needs the message and 
testimony of the Alliance^ and the message 
and testimony of the Alliance must be 
given to the entire homeland in its vast length 
and breadth. It is a sound commercial prin- 
ciple that the country-wide markets are open 
to a satisfactory commodity of general use. 
So our Society has a Gospel for which the 
people of the United States and Canada are 
spiritually hungry, although for the large 
part they may know it not; and when they 
hear the glad news of the fulness of Jesus, 
multitudes will joyfully receive it. It is 
gratifying to record a growing spirit of 
friendliness and even cordiality towards the 
Alliance on the part of the pastors and 
members of evangelical churches. From the 
beginning many of the strongest supporters 
of our work have been pastors and members 
of evangelical denominations. Indeed, quite 
commonly our conventions are held in 
churches through the fine courtesy and warm 
co-operation of pastors and officiary. 

But the time is ripe for a forward move- 
ment. The Divine call comes : "Enlarge the 
place of thy tent, and let them stretch forth 
the curtains of thine habitations; spare not, 



150 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

lengthen thy cords, and strengthen thy 
stakes; for thou shalt break forth on every 
side" (Isaiah 54:2). Where one has 
hitherto heard the message of the Alliance, 
there should henceforth be a hundred, a 
thousand, even tens of thousands. Thus will 
be created the new and greatly enlarged sus- 
taining constituency, which the Board feels 
to be imperative, if it is to enter the wide- 
open doors of emergency and opportunity in 
mission lands. Of course an advancement 
means more workers and larger funds. 
However, for the lack of these the Forward 
Movement need not halt. Expansion and 
development may come in the same way the 
Society sprang up and grew. All over this 
country and Canada are wide stretches of 
territory as yet unreached. In these regions 
every believer in the Fourfold Gospel might 
become the nucleus of a new work in the 
community where he lives. Individually, 
here and there, any person who has accepted 
the truths which the Alliance proclaims, 
can open his or her home for services. 
While desirable, a leader is not necessary, 
especially at the outset. Organize prayer 
bands, if only of two or three, and let them 



Retrospect and Prospect 151 

meet regularly once a week for intercession. 
Subscribe for The Alliance Weekly, and 
send to headquarters for our official litera- 
ture. For a comparatively small sum an 
order of assorted mottoes, books, and tracts 
will be sent to any address. Circulate these 
among your neighbors. Write at once. Let 
every reader into whose life blessing has 
come through the Alliance ponder prayer- 
fully these two Scriptures: ''Lord, what wilt 
Thou have me to do?" (Acts 9:6). ''What- 
soever He saith unto you, do it" (John 2:5). 

Fourth, — Even more, if anything, than in 
the homeland the message and ministry of 
the Alliance are needed in the foreign mis- 
sion field. The Gospel of the fulness of 
Jesus finds a ready access to the heathen, 
their minds and hearts being pecuHarly open 
to the truths of Divine healing and the re- 
turn of the Lord. Indeed, some of the most 
remarkable instances of healing in our work 
have been native Christians and even among 
unconverted heathen . 

But the missionary achievements of the 
Alliance, extensive and glorious as they 
have been, can be regarded only as a good 
beginning. In fact, at present the Society 



152 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

is facing a missionary opportunity unprece- 
dented and unparalleled in our history. Dr. 
R. H. Glover thus draws the general picture: 

'Trom nearly every Alliance field comes 
a loud call for more workers. On some 
fields the need is a desperate one. The gaps 
made by death and other causes have not 
been filled, and the present workers are over- 
taxed almost to the breaking point. The 
growth of the work already in hand calls for 
a larger staff to do justice to it. Providential 
events and conditions in many lands, most 
notably in China, Palestine, the Congo and 
South America, have created an opportunity 
unparalleled in the history of missions. The 
clock of time is striking the crisis hour of 
world-wide evangelization. Open doors are 
on every hand. Multitudes of people have 
suddenly become friendly and receptive. The 
harvest is on. The present force of workers 
is utterly inadequate for the new and thrill- 
ing situation. Nor will this opportunity wait, 
especially in some lands. It must be promptly 
seized or forever lost. Which is it to bef 

Answering to these conditions and needs 
abroad is the fact that recruits are available. 
At the present time fifty graduates of 



Retrospect and Prospect 153 

Alliance training institutions stand ap- 
proved by the Board as qualified and desir* 
able missionary candidates. It is to be re- 
gretted that only twelve of these are men, 
inasmuch as the most urgent need is for this 
class. Indeed, certain important posts on 
several fields can only be filled by men. At 
least five men should be sent at once to each 
of the three fields of China, as well as to the 
Congo and South America, three each to 
Palestine and Annam, and two each to Japan, 
the Soudan and the Philippines. Women, 
too, are needed and will be welcome in all 
the fields. 

The very lowest aim should be to raise the 
number of missionaries to three hundred 
before the end of the anniversary year. 
Candidates are ready and longing to go, and 
the Board to send them. What is lacking is 
money to send and support them. Who mill 
rise to the need and privilege and send 

ONE?" 

From the comprehensive survey of the 
president a few striking details of the picture 
thus so graphically drawn may be given. 

Through the recent marvelous changes and 
transformations in the Turkish empire the 



154 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

entire Moslem world and particularly Pal- 
estine centering ni and around Jerusalem, is 
opening to the Gospel. The trans-Jordanic 
region is turning towards the light, and a 
railway penetrating the heart of Arabia is 
unbolting the doors and levelling the barriers 
of the land of Ishmael. 

India is open and white to harvest. The 
higher classes are crying for the Gospel, and 
the doors that were closed a dozen years ago 
are open to-day. Indeed, the Christian com- 
munity has increased immensely faster than 
even the population of India. 

In China, the land of lightning changes and 
kaleidoscopic wonders, all the provinces are 
wide open to the Gospel. The entire coun- 
try is looking for Western civilization, and 
if she does not get our Christ, she will get 
our agnosticism and ungodliness. Officially 
China recently asked for the prayers of the 
Christian world. And Dr. Sun Yat Sen, the 
leader of the revolutionary party, has advised 
his people to listen to the missionaries, and 
to believe in their Gospel, because Christian- 
ity is the best religion for China to-day. 

Tibet has opened its gates. With a small 
amount of money, along a border line of 400 



Retrospect and Prospect 155 

miles, a dozen cities could be opened, each the 
center of a population of hundreds of thou- 
sands of souls with not a single voice to wit- 
ness for Jesus Christ. 

Annam with its twenty-one millions of 
people without a single missionary has just 
opened its doors, and before our little band 
of pioneers in Touraine a golden opportunity 
opens, for the fields are white unto harvest. 

Japan is at the parting of the ways — god- 
less civilization or a forward movement 
towards Christianity. The students of the 
great university of Tokyo, over five thousand 
in number, have by a vast majority re- 
nounced the native religions, and are agnos- 
tics, ready to accept God's truth or the 
devil's lie. 

Christianity is fairly sweeping over the 
Philippine Islands, and with reinforcements 
and increased funds the archipelago will 
soon become almost a home mission field. 

Our Soudan Mission is facing a crisis. 
The odds of dangerous climate and Moslem 
opposition are staggering. But the precious 
though slight fruit already gathered, the 
many lonely graves, and above all the intrepid 
spirit of the little band of workers call for 



156 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

immediate advancement. Extraordinary suc- 
cess attends our Congo Mission, both in the 
preservation of the Uves and health of our 
missionaries and in the gratifying ingather- 
ing of souls. Last year more members were 
added to the native church than have joined 
the Gospel Tabernacle in New York in the 
past ten years ! 

What can we say of Latin America? 
Romanism, it Is true, has lost its power, but 
alas! Protestant Christiani>v has not replaced 
it. The people of Central and South Amer- 
ica, who have renounced the superstition and 
priestcraft of the Roman church are on the 
verge of agnosticism, atheism, and utter god- 
lessness. At the same time every door is 
wide open and the fields are white and ready 
for the harvest. 

Surely, in the heathen world this is the day 
of our opportunity and emergency. The 
crisis hour has come of which the Lord spake 
in 2 Samuel 5 : 24 : "And let it be, when thou 
hearest the sound of a going in the tops of 
the mulberry trees, that thou shall bestir thy- 
self; for then shall the Lord go out before 
thee." 

Fifth. — The supreme belief of the founder 



Retrospect and Prospect 157 

and organizer of the Alliance was that the 
movement would hasten the return of the 
Lord Jesus. But how much more should this 
belief inspire all our hearts now, for we are 
twenty-five years nearer this glorious consum- 
mation of the age! Indeed, the great objective 
of our missionary achievements is the ''blessed 
hope" of the Coming of Christ. For Jesus 
said: "And this Gospel of the kingdom shall 
be preached in all the world for a witness 
unto all the nations; and then shall the end 
come." Speaking of the missionary oppor- 
tunity of the Alliance the president says: 

"The signs of the soon coming of the Lord 
Jesus intensify the crisis and the emergency. 
If the preaching of the Gospel unto all na- 
tions as a witness be the one urgent condition 
whose realization will bring the end, surely 
no more powerful incentive to world-wide 
evangelization can appeal to our hearts. At 
best our work is only apprentice work pre- 
liminary and preparatory to His great finish- 
ing touch, and how we long for the Master 
to come and bring that touch and climax to 
our poor, imperfect attempts at service. They 
tell of a gifted artist who was struggling to 
express on canvas the great vision that had 



158 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

come to his soul, and how at last, discouraged 
by his inabiHty to do justice to his own ideal, 
he left his painting incomplete and wrote in 
his diary a little cry of self-dispair. That 
night the old master came in disguise to the 
studio, to which he still retained a pass key, 
and as he gazed upon the striking outline 
upon the canvas and thought of the artist 
whose inmost soul he understood so well, he 
seemed to enter into his conception, and 
seizing the brush he finished the painting as 
only he could have done, and quietly stole 
away. When the young artist returned to 
his studio, he gazed in rapt astonishment 
upon his finished work, and bursting into 
tears he cried, 'No one but the master him- 
self could have done this.' So some day 
Christ our Master will come and finish our 
poor 'prentice work with His own glorious 
touch, and the things which for twenty cen- 
turies the struggling church has been inade- 
quately endeavoring to accomplish, will burst 
upon the vision of the universe in all the 
glory of His finished plan. A nation shall 
be born in a day, and the knowledge of the 
Lord shall cover the earth as the waters cover 
the sea. Oh, if it be true that all the provi- 



Retrospect and Prospect 159 

dance of God can do in fulfilment of proph- 
ecy, and all that the Holy Ghost has promised 
in the preparation of the bride, if it be true 
that these things are in great measure accom- 
plished, and the advent chariots are only 
waiting until the last human tribe has heard 
the message, and received the invitation to 
the marriage of the lamb, surely all this 
creates an emergency, a responsibility, a 
supreme incentive, sufficient to set our hearts 
on fire, to redeem the time, and finish our 
great missionary trust before our generation 
shall have passed away." 
"Surely I come quickly. 
Amen; come, Lord Jesus" (Rev. 22:20). 

(the endJ 



OUR HONORED DEAD 

"It was the beautiful thought of the early Church 
that there were three forms of martyrdom and that 
every Christian could be a martyr in one or other 
of these three ways. 

"First, a martyr in will but not in deed. Like 
» t. John, living longest of all the little band of 
Apostles, and yet always willing and ready to lay 
his life down when and where the Lord should de- 
sire. But in his case 'the will was taken for the 
deed,' and the long life was ended peacefully by 2 
natural death. 

"Second, a martyr in deed but not in will, like 
the innocent babes of Bethlehem, dying as children 
for the Lord Jesus without knowing it. 

"Third, a martyr in deed and in will like St. 
Stephen, facing death in the fulness of his man- 
hood, and freely giving his life to and for Jesus, 
his Life-Giver. 

"It is interesting to notice that we have all three 
of these forms of martyrdom illustrated in the rec- 
ord of the departed missionaries of the Christian 
and Missionary Alliance." 



Our Honored Dead i6i 

These words taken from the memorial paper 
of the late Dr. Henry Wilson, read before our 
Annual Council in May, 1901, may fittingly 
stand at the head of this roll of our honored 
dead. 

The purpose of this memorial chapter is to 
record the names of all our missionaries who 
have died during the quarter-century. More- 
over, the attempt has been made to give some 
facts concerning every precious life that has 
been laid down for Christ's sake. Further- 
more, there has been added a brief apprecia- 
tion of a few of our more prominent leaders 
and supporters in the homeland. 

India 
Helen Dawlly 

Helen Dawliy had the honor of being the 
first Alliance missionary regularly appointed 
to India, and in keeping with this distinction 
she was a woman of heroic mould. When she 
sailed for India, she had money to take her 
only to Liverpool, but her trunk was labelled 
^'Bombay." At Poona she established a school 
for Eurasian children, which is still sustained 
on the original lines of faith and trust in God. 
M[iss Dawlly died in the midst of her great 



i62 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

work at Poona, in February, 1893. Her char- 
acter was strong, her memory is fragrant. 
Mr. and Mrs. J. E. Bendixon. 

This Godly couple was the gift of Sweden 
to the AUiance. It is recalled that Mrs, Ben- 
dixon in spite of difficulties made fine prog- 
ress with the language, while Mr. Bendixon 
had a rarely sweet and victorious spirit. Their 
deaths marked the first break in the ranks of 
our India missionaries ; the wife passing away 
in February, 1895, and the husband a few 
weeks later. 

Annie Bush 

In Annie Bush strength and winsomeness 
were blended. She died in March, 1895, ^^^ 
is buried in the graveyard where rest the re- 
mains of Bishop Heber. 

Rev. James Foster 
Mr. Foster is remembered as a particularly 
bright and happy Christian. He died at Kham- 
gaon, in March, 1895. 

Dr. Court T. Simmons 

This Scotch physician, after being healed, 

gave up his practice in Denver, Colorado, and 

went to India full of zeal and faith. It is said 

that while he prayed, heathen turned their 



Our Honored Dead 163 

idols to the wall. He contracted blood poison- 
ing in one of our orphanages, ministering to a 
young native, and died in June, 1895. 

Daniel McDonald 

This man was a fine product of Canadian 
ruggedness and consecration. He had been on 
the field only a few months, when he died in 
August, 1895. 

Mrs. Effie Holmes Wood 

There is abundant testimony to the loveable- 
ness of this young woman, whose life was 
marked by rare consecration and singular de- 
votion to God. She died in October, 1895, at 
Buldana. 

Donald Hereon 

Donald Herron was a big man physically 
and spiritually. His itinerating tours devel- 
oped fine evangelistic gifts. He died from a 
sunstroke in January, 1896. 

Malcolm Moss 

Malcolm Moss joined the Alliance after 
reaching India. While pioneering with a view 
of entering Assam, he contracted smallpox 
and died in February, 1896. 



j64 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

Mrs. Emma Royle Bannister 

England was the native land of this splendid 
woman who with few advantages and amid 
many difficulties acquired a firm mastery of 
the language. She bravely endured the hard- 
ships of early Gospel touring, sleeping many 
a night in the ox-cart. Mrs. Bannister died in 
March, 1896. 

Sarah J. Montgomery 
Than this faithful woman a nobler spirit 
never left the Institute for the mission field. 
In July, 1896, she had a triumphant death, 
singing in her closing moments : 

"Arms of Jesus, fold me closer; 
Closer to Thy loving breast.*' 

Mrs. Priscilla Burgess Guttridge 

Mrs. Guttridge went to India in 1888 in Sal- 
vation Army work, joining the Alliance in 
1892. Uprightness, sincerity and endurance 
were her chief traits. She died in England in 
the fall of 1896. 

Mary Olm stead 

Miss Olmstead was one of our ablest India 
missionaries. She was a graduate of Vassar 
College and for years a successful teacher. 
Her influence over the native Christians was 



Our Honored Dead 165 

exceptional and touching. She died from 
cholera in the spring of 1897. An old man 
asked the privilege of driving the ox-cart car- 
rying her body to the grave, exclaiming : "Oh, 
how she loved us/' It is said of her that she 
knew how to yield and give honor to others. 
Rev. M. L Garrison 
This humble and holy man was in middle 
life when he went to India, but had a mis- 
sionary career of singular wisdom and effi- 
ciency. His work abides, being carried on in- 
deed by his two sons who are also India mis- 
sionaries: Rev. Alle I. and Rev. Kiel D. Gar- 
rison. Mr. Garrison died from consumption 
in April, 1897. "The night before he passed 
away he received from the Master a distinct 
conviction that he was about to go home. The 
next day he called his family around him and 
left the most minute directions and particulars 
in all respects, and then in the spirit of tran- 
quil and triumphant faith he fell asleep in his 
Master's arms.'* 

Mrs. Donald Herron 
After her husband's death Mrs. Herron 
labored faithfully for fifteen months in the 
difficult field of Jalgaon. She was a great 
sufSferer from asthma, dying in April, 1897. 



i66 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

Mrs. George Carroll 
Mrs. Carroll went to India under the Pente- 
cost Band, afterwards joining the Alliance. 
She died from consumption in Bombay, in 
January, 1898. 

Miss M. D. Fecke 
Miss Fecke had been matron in a German 
Hospital in Chicago. After about three years 
in India she died from Typhoid fever, in De- 
cember, 1899. She was known as a woman of 
sound judgment, while discretion marked all 
her ways. 

Kate Parks 
Miss Parks went to India in 1894, confining 
her work to Bombay, where in Berachah 
Home she ministered faithfully to all who 
came for rest and help. She was specially in- 
terested in the Jews of the city. No mission- 
ary in sickness or in need had a kinder friend 
than she. Miss Parks died from smallpox in 
February, 1900. 

Emma Smyley 
Emma Smyley went to India in 1894, de- 
voting her life to the Kaira Orphanage. Dur- 
ing the famine season she overworked and her 
health gave way. While resting in Bombay, 



Our Honored Dead 167 

expecting soon to sail for America, she passed 
away in June, 1900. Unselfish devotion to the 
Master and His service characterized her life. 

Mrs. Annie Armstrong Back 
Mrs. Back died on the field in February, 
1901. She overtaxed herself during the 
famine season. She is remembered as a mod- 
est, gentle, winsome woman, devoted to the 
Lord and to her work. 

Rev. C. C. and Mrs. Lenth 
This consecrated and well equipped couple 
went to India in 1894. Besides considerable 
touring they devoted themselves to famine 
relief work. At one time they had 1,800 na- 
tives under their care. Mr. Lenth died from 
exposure to the sun and fever in August, 190 1, 
Mrs. Lenth following him a few months later. 
The husband was an enthusiastic, self-sacri- 
ficing worker, while the wife was richly de- 
veloped in the graces of the Holy Spirit, giv- 
ing herself first unto the Lord and then un- 
reservedly to the work He gave her to do. 

Rev. Gideon W. Woodward 
With an excellent scientific training Mr. 
Woodward went to India in 1894. In Gujerat 
he gave himself unstintedly to famine relief 



1 68 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

work, contracting a fever which ended his use- 
ful Ufe in the summer of 1901. Mr. Wood- 
ward was an excellent example of a business 
man and a preacher of the Gospel. He be- 
came a successful soul winner. He was a 
man of saintly spirit and rare devotion to the 
Master. 

Mrs Hattie Mallory Fuller 

Hattie Mallory was the daughter of the 
Rev. O. E. Mallory, D.D., an honorary vice- 
president of the Alliance and one of the oldest 
and staunchest supporters of the movement. 
She went to India in 1894, returning on fur- 
lough in 1901 to visit her invalid mother, who 
soon afterwards passed away. She had a 
fruitful ministry among the women of Bom- 
bay. In September, 1902, Miss Mallory be- 
came the wife of the Rev. M. B. Fuller, super- 
intendent of our mission in India, but two 
months later died from malarial fever. *'A 
marked characteristic in her life was cheerful- 
ness, especially in meeting trials and diffi- 
culties. She always looked up and saw a way 
through. In this she was an inspiration to 
many lives. Her faith in God was the kind 
that risked her all upon Him. Her walk with 



Our Honored Dead 169 

God and man was marked by an open, free 
spirit. There was nothing hid." 

Mrs Lida Allen Phelps 
Lida Allen was well educated and before 
attending the Institute in New York, during 
the session of i896-'97, she had taught school 
and been an officer in the Loyal Temperance 
Legion, ''laboring faithfully to train young 
minds against alcohol and narcotics.'' She had 
a sweet, kind and patient spirit. Through an 
act of kindness to a native she contracted 
smallpox from which she died, in October, 
1903. 

Rev. T. Elmer Button 
Mr. Button had a strong, brave, enduring 
personality. Moreover, he had varied gifts, 
among others marked musical ability. Mr. 
Button was sent to India in 1892, and had a 
splendid record of thorough, enduring work. 
He died from smallpox in 1903. 

Ellen C. Becker 
In her home town Ellen Becker had a fine 
preparation for her service in India, being ac- 
tive in Christian work and ministering espec- 
ially to the sick and destitute. On the field dur- 
ing her one year of service it was said that 



I70 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

she lived more than most do in many years. 
Miss Decker was a woman of well balanced, 
deeply spiritual and intensely practical char- 
acter. She died in November, 1903. 

Mrs. Searle 
Mrs. Searle was a noble, Godly woman. She 
was one of our best missionaries. As much as 
any martyr she laid down her consecrated, 
self-sacrificing life in November, 1905. 

Rev. Carl Ericson 
Carl Ericson was a Swede, educated at Col- 
gate College, and an ordained Baptist minister. 
He went to India in 1892, his missionary 
career being marked by indefatigable zeal and 
spiritual fervor. He had evangelistic gifts, 
and was one of our strongest and most suc- 
cessful missionaries. He died from fever in 
December, 1906. As he was passing away the 
missionaries around his bedside sang: 

"I saw him overcoming through all the swelling 

strife, 
Until he crossed the threshold of God's eternal 

life; 
The crown, the throne, the scepter, the name, the 

stone so white. 
Were his who found in Jesus the yoke and burden 

light." 

Rev. Peter C. Moody 
Peter Moody was a remarkable man and a 



Our Honored Dead 171 

remarkable missionary. He gave his life to 
India because of a marked experience of phy- 
sical healing. While at Poona holding serv- 
ices in the Taylor High School he contracted 
fever from the effects of which he died, in 
December, 1906. As he was dying he turned 
to those who were kneeling beside his bed and 
whispered, "Yes, Lord.'' Of him it may be 
said that he was filled with faith and the Holy 
Ghost. 

Mrs. Maude Weist Turnbull 

Maude Weist came of a prominent and 
Godly family, her father, S. L. Weist, of Har- 
risburg, Pennsylvania, being publisher of the 
United Evangelical Church. She went to In- 
dia in 1902, her marriage a few years later 
involving a change of field and the acquiring 
of a new language. Mrs. Turnbull had a 
sweet, hopeful, winsome spirit, keen mental 
ability, steady perseverance and a well bal- 
anced judgment. For a number of years she 
was editor of the "India Alliance." Her death 
occurred in November, 1909. 
Alice Yoder 

Looming large among our India mission- 
aries is the name of Alice Yoder. She was 
one of the best products of the Pennsylvania 



172 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

Germans. She died in October, 1908. ''She 
was a woman of remarkable strength of char- 
acter, of unusual versatility of practical gifts, 
and yet of utmost consecration of spirit. 
Hence she was qualified for great and varied 
responsibilities, and she met them bravely and 
discharged them efficiently. She was in charge 
of the large orphanage at Khamgaon. There 
she had large scope for her varied and un- 
usual gifts, natural and spiritual. In one of 
her last letters she wrote: *I am working as 
if I were to remain here always, and I live 
as if I might be called to leave it at any time.' 
Of Alice Yoder one of her associates said, 
*Every place that she occupied she filled 
full; " 

Mrs. Carrie Bates Rogers 
Carrie Bates was the daughter of a Baptist 
minister, and when a young girl experienced 
a remarkable healing and received a clear call 
to the mission field. She fell asleep in Jesus 
in January, 1909. *The name of Carrie B. 
Bates heads the list on the Record Book of 
the Indian Mission of the Christian and Mis- 
sionary Alliance. She was every inch a mis- 
sionary. From early life she had known great 
bodily weakness, and her heroic life involved 



Our Honored Dead 173 

such hardships as to weigh her last days with 
constant suffering. Just as the end approached, 
although she had been unconscious for thirty- 
six hours, she lifted up her eyes and gazed 
steadfastly and intently on some invisible ob- 
ject, and so taken up with heavenly rapture 
she forgot to take another breath and fell 
asleep in Jesus without a struggle. Her pray- 
er-life was strong, her devotion to her work 
intense." 

Lucy Holmes 

Lucy Holmes was of sturdy New England 
stock and for twenty-five years was a teacher 
in Mount Holyoke Seminary. She offered 
herself for India in 1894 and was a staunch 
believing in the fourfold Gospel, finding in- 
spiration and joy in the blessed hope of the 
return of the Lord. Indeed, she radiated good 
cheer wherever she went. At the age of sev- 
enty-four she died from fever in 1913. 

Hattie O'Donnell 

Canada gave Hattie O'Donnell to India, 
whither she sailed on short notice, not being 
given time to say "Good-bye'' to her parents. 
This shows the stuff she was made of. Like 
Caleb of old "she wholly followed the Lord." 



174 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

She was a true shepherd to her India con- 
verts. Miss O'Donnell died in the fall of 

1913- 

China 
Rev. William Cassidy 
This minister and physician was our pioneer 
missionary to China. In the providence of 
God, however, he was not permitted to enter 
the country, contracting smallpox through 
having taken steerage passage on a Pacific 
steamer and dying in Kobe, Japan, in 1889. 
In every way William Cassidy was pre- 
eminently strong in his consecration to Christ 
and his devotion to the cause of missions. 

Mrs. Susie Beals 
Mrs. Beals went to the foreign field from 
the home work of the Alliance, her husband 
having had charge for some time of our pub- 
lishing interests. She had a very brief mis- 
sionary career, reaching China in March and 
dying in October, 1892. She had a sweet, pa- 
tient spirit, and was a great sufferer. 

Rev. W. I. Knapp 
Mr. Knapp had a short term of service. In- 
deed, he had but recently acquired the lan- 
guage, being of great usefulness in making 



Our Honored Dead 175 

preparation for new missionaries, when he 
died in May, 1892. 

J. H. Hodges 
Mr. Hodges was connected with our Central 
China Mission. He was very successful with 
the language, and was possessed with a win- 
ning spirit, courageous faith, and a single- 
hearted devotion to God. He died from small- 
pox in March, 1894. 

Rev. C. H. Reeves 
Mr. Reeves was one of our first workers 
and earliest superintendents in South China. 
From the first, he cherished the boldest and 
most far-reaching plans for the evangelization 
of Kwang Si. He had been on the field only 
about six years when he died from smallpox 
contracted in an interior town, in March, 1898. 
Mr. Reeves' life was a rare blend of strength 
and sweetness. He finely exemplified the 
Christ life. 

Agnes Cooney 
Miss Cooney died in August, 1900, after 
three and a half years' service on the South 
staff was in attendance upon the Annual Con- 
ference at Macao, and all knelt at her bedside 
China field. At the time, the whole mission 



176 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

renewing their consecration vows. Her marked 
devotion to God and intense love for souls 
were an inspiration to her fellow workers. 
Miss Cooney had an unusually sweet and 
strong character. 

Mrs. Isaac Hess 
Mrs. Hess had a frail body, but a delicate 
and refined spirit. She was a true gentle- 
woman. ''No severer loss could have over- 
taken our South China Mission. Her work in 
this country before she went to the field and 
her beautiful life and multiplied labors in 
China made her very dear to all who knew 
her." 

Theodora Campbell 
Miss Campbell went to the field in her ma- 
turity and was for some time principal of a 
woman's training school in South China. She 
not only gave her life, but consecrated her 
money to the foreign work. She was a woman 
of rare discernment and excellent judgment, 
and was one of our strongest and most valu- 
able workers. She died in November, 1905. 

Beulah Funk 

Beulah Funk came from a consecrated and 
Godly family, her father and two brothers 



Our Honored Dead 177 

being ministers. She had a nature rarely en- 
dowed with the graces of the Spirit. She made 
a profound impression as a student in the In- 
stitute, being a bright and shining Hght, and 
exerted a powerful influence among the stu- 
dents. She had four years of fruitful labor 
in South China, dying in the fall of 1907. 

George Sherman 

Mr. Sherman was one of the most promis- 
ing missionary candidates that ever went to 
the field from our Institute. Along with a 
thoroughly consecrated spirit, he possessed 
much practical skill and was of great useful- 
ness on the field. He had just been married a 
few days when he died from smallpox in the 
fall of 1907. 

Effie Gregg 

To those who knew her, the name of Effie 
Gregg was as one among a thousand. She 
was a unique character, and her consecration 
and devotion to God were marked. She did 
a great work in Western China near the bor- 
ders of Tibet. Her death from smallpox 
in the Spring of 1908 was peculiarly sad, be- 
cause she was just in the midst of reaping a 
gracious harvest for which there had been 
years of seed sowing. 



178 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

Mrs. Ruth Lindberg Baer 
Both in life and in death, the names of 
Effie Gregg and Ruth Lindberg Baer are 
linked together. They had been great friends 
in the homeland, and stood together on the 
foreign field. Indeed, Mrs. Baer contracted 
smallpox, from the effects of which she died, 
while nursing Miss Gregg through her fatal 
illness. Mrs. Baer was a strong, sweet woman, 
and her memory is fragrant. 

Richard Anderson 

Mr. Anderson was one of our earliest mis- 
sionaries to the Orient, his special field being 
Malaysia. He accompanied Mr. Le Lacheur 
on one of his tours in the East. He died in 
1892 at Singapore. 

Rev. Henry Zehr 
Mr. Zehr was the best type of a consecrated 
and Spirit-filled German missionary. He was 
an ordained minister, and had been connected 
with the Church Missionary Association. He 
was a strong, noble, zealous, devoted soldier 
of the cross. He died on the field from small- 
pox in April, 1904. 

Mrs. Ada Beeson Farmer 
In March, 191 1, Mrs. Farmer fell asleep in 



Our Honored Dead 179 

Jesus. She was a member of a well-known 
family in Mississippi and had been in China 
for about nine years. She had an intense love 
for the Lord and His work, great faith in 
God, unusual executive ability and fidelity 
to trust and duty. She lived a joyful and vic- 
torious Hfe. ''Her constant rejoinder to every 
treaty to spare herself in her toilsome labors 
was, 'No, I must be true to God and the trust 
He has given me.' " 

Mrs. M. C. All ward 
Mrs. AUward was a Canadian, and before 
coming to the Institute had passed through a 
severe trial in the death of her husband, who 
had been an invalid for years. She was a ma- 
ture Christian, and was gifted in many prac- 
tical ways. "She was a woman of intense 
conviction, undying loyalty to her Lord and 
great boldness in dealing with others as to 
their obligations to Christ and the world." 
Mrs. Allward died from smallpox in the 
spring of 191 1. 

Rev. G. Lloyd Hughes 
Through a providential meeting with an 
Anamese who was hungry for the Gospel but 
with whom he could not converse on account 



i8o Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

of the barrier of language, Mr. Hughes prayed 
and waited for years for an opening to the 
22,000,000 unevangeHzed of Annam. Just 
when prayer seemed about to be answered in 
his own entry into that land, he sank from 
heart disease in Hongkong in the summer of 
191 1. ''He was a man of fervent zeal and 
deep consecration and in the very maturity 
of his strength and usefulness/' 

Rev. David P. Ekvall 

Mr. Ekvall was born in Sweden but edu- 
cated in this country. He was converted in 
early life and after one year at the Institute 
went to the field in 1894. He achieved high 
attainments in the Chinese language and clas- 
sics. His work was in part pioneering and in 
part literary. He estabHshed a Bible Train- 
ing School for native workers. He died from 
typhus fever in May, 1912. 

Nellie S. Bo wen 

The latest death on our mission fields is 
that of Nellie Bowen, who died of small- 
pox in Chi Kong, Central China, February 
25, 1914. She came from Union City, Ten- 
nessee, and was on the field a little over 
four years. Miss Bowen had an excellent 
educational equipment for her work and 



Our Honored Dead i8i 

had the heart of a true missionary. She 
had a gracious, winsome spirit and was 
**faithful unto death/' Nine days before 
her home-going she said, ''There is noth- 
ing out of the reach of prayer except that 
which is out of the will of God." 

Elizabeth Farr Brown 
Elizabeth Farr Brown, the wife of Frank 
Brown, was a missionary in China for sev- 
eral years. Several children were born to 
them, but the family were compelled to 
return home owing to the ill health of Mrs. 
Brown. Her death, occurring one or two 
years later, in a western state, was due to 
tuberculosis. Mrs. Brown was greatly be- 
loved by a wide circle of friends in New 
York, China, and elsewhere. 

Swedish Missionaries 

For a number of years the Alliance had a 
work in the province of Shansi carried on by 
Swedish missionaries. During the Boxer up- 
rising of 1900 nineteen of these faithful men 
and women and nearly as many children were 
massacred. The story has been interestingly 
and dramatically written by Mrs. K. C. Wood- 
berry, in a volume entitled 'Through Blood 



i82 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

Stained Shansi/' We here record the names 
of these honored dead: 

Mr. and Mrs. Emil Olsen and three chil- 
dren. 

Mr. and Mrs. O. Forsberg and one child. 

Mr. and Mrs. C. Blomberg and one or two 
children. 

Mr. and Mrs. W. Noren and two children. 

Mr. and Mrs. E. Andersen. 

Mr. A. E. Palm. 

Miss E. Ericksen. 

Mr. and Mrs. O. Bingmark and one or two 
children. 

Mr. and Mrs. M. Nystrom and children. 

Mr. and Mrs. C. L. Lundberg and two chil- 
dren. 

Miss Gustafsen. 

Rev. Emmanuel Olsen 
Mr. Olsen was the son of a distinguished 
Swedish statesman. He was reared in com- 
fort and received a fine education. On long 
pioneer tours he cheerfully endured severe 
hardships. He had great faith in God. He 
organized wide evangelistic work in North 
Shansi. Mr. Olsen died from pneumonia at 
Tien Tsin, in January, 1894. 



Our Honored Dead 183 

South America 

Charles Deming 
Mr. Deming belonged to our Venezuela 
Mission. He was a consistent Christian and 
a beloved brother in the Lord, and is described 
as *'a model missionary." He died late in 
1902. 

Irving W. Hathaway 
Mr. Hathaway received his education at 
Northfield Seminary. His plan for a collegiate 
course was interrupted by God's call to Argen- 
tine, South America. He was a sweet Chris- 
tian brother, well fitted by nature and by grace 
for his work. He died in Buenos Ayres. 
Miss Bechler 
Miss Bechler, of our Chile Mission, died 
of smallpox during the holiday season, 
1911. She went to the field from Kansas 
as an independent worker. She exempli- 
fied the best type of German piety, and her 
quiet, faithful ministry has been greatly 
missed. 

Palestine 
James R. Cruickshank 
Mr. Cruickshank was the gift of Scotland 
to our Alliance work. After laboring success- 



184 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

fully among the Jews in New York City, he 
prepared himself for Palestine in our Mission- 
ary Training Institute. His career on the field 
was short, but very successful. He died sud- 
denly in October, 1894. '*He was most rigid 
with himself in matters of conscience, consist- 
ency and loyalty to God and to the brethren, 
and dealt very faithfully with any one of 
God's children where he saw a compromising 
disposition with anything that was not clearly 
from God." 

Eliza J. Robertson 

Miss Robertson was one of the pioneer mis- 
sionaries of the Alliance to Palestine, having 
been a member of the Gospel Tabernacle at 
New York. She was in mature life when she 
went to the field, having been thoroughly 
trained not only along educational lines but 
also in the discipline of self-denial and hard- 
ship. She did a remarkable work in Jerusa- 
lem, and together with Miss Lucy Dunn \vas 
once spoken of as the woman ''who lived next 
door to God." Her hold among the natives 
was wonderful, and her work still abides, her 
memory being a precious legacy to our mis- 
sion. She passed away in the fall of 1894. 



Our Honored Dead 185 

Bessie Kauffman 

Miss Kauffman was a converted and conse- 
crated Jewess who prepared for work in 
Palestine at our Missionary Training Institute. 
She had a remarkably strong Christian char- 
acter, and manifested deep sympathy and ar- 
dent love for the people. She went to the 
field in 1904, and died from cancer while home 
on furlough, in March, 1907. 

Mr. and Mrs. George A. Murray 

For a number of years, this rugged and 
Godly couple were connected with our mission 
in Palestine and did splendid work in Hebron. 
Mr. Murray was afflicted with lameness, while 
Mrs. Murray was blind; but despite these 
serious handicaps, they did much to stir our 
people in the homeland with interest in mis- 
sions, and also suffered much hardship and ac- 
complished great good in Palestine. Both 
passed away quite recently while on furlough. 

Africa 
Sudan 

Frank M. Gates 

W. J. Harris 

Charles Helmick 

Mrs. E. Kingman 

Jean Dick 



i86 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

These five pioneer missionaries were on the 
field before the AlHance took over the Sudan 
Mission. They were the product of a Bible 
Conference which Dr. H. G. Guinness held in 
the Middle West in the summer of 1889 in 
connection with the Y. M. C. A. Mr. Harris, 
Mr. Gates, and Mrs. Kingman died in July, 
1890, Mr. Helmick in October, 1890, and Miss 
Dick in January, 1891. 

Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Meckley 

This consecrated, Godly couple went to the 
field in 1892, but had a very brief missionary 
career, dying in 1893. In fact, they died the 
same night, and are buried in the same grave 
at Magbele. 

J. A. Taylor 

This devoted missionary sailed for the 
Sudan in November, 1892, and died in March, 
1893. He was a consecrated, self-sacrificing 
man, and his lonely grave makes a strong plea 
for the appalling needs of the **Dark Sudan." 
Mrs. Roy Codding 

Mrs. Codding was a woman of rare Chris- 
tian spirit, and made a record of faithful serv- 
ice and loving sacrifice on the field. She died 
while on furlough in Lincoln, Nebraska, in 
1894. 



Our Honored Dead 187 

D. C. Miller 
Mr. Miller sailed for Africa in December, 
1892, and died from smallpox in November, 

1894. He had a loving, cheerful disposition 
and was eminently fitted for missionary work. 

G. F. Leger 

Facts concerning Mr. Leger are not avail- 
able, except that he sailed for the Sudan in 
December, 1892, and died in May, 1895. He 
is buried at Tubabudugo. We praise God for 
this life which was so willingly yielded to 
His service. 

Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin Luscomb 
Mr. and Mrs. Luscomb sailed in January, 

1895, and died in October of the same year. 
Mr. Luscomb was a strong Christian char- 
acter, and had rare evangelistic gifts. It is 
said of him that he spoke no ill, nor would he 
listen to any evil report concerning anyone. 
Mrs. Luscomb had a brief, calm and even life 
and a glorious death. Her last letter to the 
homeland closed with the words, 

"Yours in patient hope 'til He come/' 

Fidelia Drew 
Miss Drew sailed in January, 1895, ^^^ ^^^^ 
three months later. In the homeland, she had 



i88 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

been a professional nurse, and was well 
equipped for missionary work. Her consecra- 
tion was deep, her courage undaunted, and her 
faith unwavering. 

Mrs. W. E. Shoobridge 
This noble, courageous woman came from 
a missionary family, her brother, the Rev. J. 
Hal Smith, having been for years connected 
with our Sudan Mission. Mrs. Shoobridge 
died in May, 1899, ^^ Makomp. 

W. C. Walker 
"Mr. Walker was faithful in all his mission 
work, and his labors were rewarded by the 
conversion of three of his station men, who 
bear this blessed testimony : That no one who 
visited the station was ever allowed to leave 
without hearing the Gospel." 

Alvin Wendell 
Mr. Wendell was a man of great faith and 
courage. In a letter home he wrote, ''Many 
times I would get discouraged were it not for 
the promise of God, 'My Word shall not re- 
turn unto Me void.' " He was an indefatigable 
worker. He died in May, 1897. 

Mrs. Minnie May Francis 
Mrs. Francis sailed for the Sudan in Janu- 



Our Honored Dead 189 

ary, 1897, ^^^ died in April of the same year. 
Her home-going was particularly sad. 
She was rarely developed spiritually, and 
finely exemplified the Christ life. Her 
death was sanctified by the Lord in the 
conversion of several members of her fam- 
ily. 

Malen R. Hill 

Malen Hill sailed for the Sudan in Janu- 
ary, 1897, and died in April of the same 
year. He was buried at Makomp. This 
rare young man came from Boone, la., 
and attended the Missionary Institute in 
New York during the winter of 1894-95. 
From there he went to Boydton, Va., 
where his labors among the colored people 
were greatly blessed. Mr. Hill is remem- 
bered as a man of sweet spirit, who dif- 
fused the fragrance of Christ's presence 
wherever he went. 

Mrs. Leonora Bradshaw Smith 

Leonora Bradshaw was one of the finest 
products of Canada. Before coming to the 
Institute in New York in the Fall of '96, 
she had taken a hospital course and gradu- 
ated as a trained nurse. She was a strong 
Christian character and leader among the 



190 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

students. She sailed for the Sudan in '98, 
and died the following year while en route 
to the homeland. She was buried in Liver- 
pool. 

Elizabeth Gaston 
After receiving a distinct call to the 
Sudan, Miss Gaston was kept waiting a 
number of years before reaching the field. 
She lived, however, only a few months, 
passing away in 1898. She is remembered 
as a woman of mental strength and moral 
determination — "every inch a lady,'^ as 
someone has described her. 

F. E. SWENSON 

Mr. Swenson was a sweet, well-educated 
and a noble Christian gentleman. After a 
faithful ministry, he went to his reward in 
1898. 

Merten Benton 
Merten Benton sailed for the field in 
April, 1898, and went home to be with the 
Lord in 1901. His life was characterized 
by earnest zeal and devout consecration. 
He contracted fever while conveying a sick 
captain from the far station of Tubabudugo 
to Makomp. A fellow-worker describes 



Our Honored Dead 191 

him as the most unselfish Christian he ever 
met. 

William Lewis 

Mr. Benton and Mr. Lewis were fellow 
students at the Institute, and went to the 
Sudan together. Our brother was born in 
Wales, and was a man of rigid strength and 
devoutness of spirit. His death was a trans- 
lation. For two hours before he passed 
away, heaven seemed opened to his enrap- 
tured gaze, and the radiant smile that 
lighted up his face lingered until his burial. 
It is said that during his last illness he 
called for several of the natives to be 
brought to his room that he might speak to 
them concerning the Lord Jesus. 
TiLLiE Patterson 

Miss Patterson died in November, 1901, 
shortly after her arrival on the field. She 
is remembered as a young woman of 
marked unselfishness and rare devotion. 
A. Lincoln Jones 

Mr. Jones was a quiet, humble man, 
whose going to the field meant a sacrifice of 
home and business. His life was thoroughly 
consecrated. He passed to his reward in 
March, 1904. 



192 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

Alida Wells 

Alida Wells was a young woman of 
marked strength of personality. She was 
well educated, truly cultured, and before 
coming to the Institute, had taught school 
for a few years. Seldom has one of our stu- 
dents gone to the foreign field better 
equipped in every way than Alida Wells. 
She had been on the field only a few weeks 
when she was called home to be with the 
Lord in June, 1904. 

Katherine Geeth 

Katherine Geeth and Alida Wells, like 
David and Jonathan, were together in life, 
and in death they were not divided. They 
went to the Sudan at the same time, and 
died only one day apart. Miss Geeth had 
been a Christian worker in the homeland, 
and her ministry had been greatly blessed. 
She was a strong, reliant, and yet rarely 
sweet devoted young woman. 

Gideon Dickinson 
Gideon Dickinson went to the field in 
April, 1904, and died from smallpox in 
April, 1906. He had a glorious homegoing, 
which tempered the sad event for his fam- 
ily and friends. He was a quiet, unas- 



Our Honored Dead 



193 



suming man who won the love and respect 
of all. In his diary under date of November 
21, 1902, is this entry: ^'Ceased my strug- 
gling. Gave myself to the Holy Spirit to 
be used or set aside, to be anything or 
nothing, as he may choose.*' This, indeed, 
was the key to our beloved brother's life. 
David Muir 
Mr. Muir came from our Alliance work 
in Avoca, Pennsylvania. He was educated 
at Northfield, He went to the field in 1904 
and died from Blackwater fever, in the 
summer of 1908. He was a man of deep 
piety, singular devotion to God and a splen- 
did worker. 

Congo 

John Condit 
John Condit was a member of the pioneer 
party to the Congo in the fall of 1884. His 
name, indeed, heads the list of our African 
missionaries. He went to his reward in 
1885. While in Westminster Abbey look- 
ing at the grave of Livingston, he was 
heard to say, "Yes, God buries his work- 
men, but carries out his work. Livingston 
has passed away, but the work continues, 
and God is calling out others to fill the 



194 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

places of those who have laid down their 
lives in the Dark Continent/' 
Mrs. M. H. Reed 

Mrs. Reed was the wife of our first 
Superintendent of the Congo Mission. She 
sailed with her husband in the autumn of 
1888, and died in the summer of 1890. Mrs. 
Reed suffered great hardship, and is re- 
membered for her strong faith and trust in 
God. 

John Scott 

The names of John and Peter Scott, two 
brothers, stand high in the record of our 
Congo Mission. They were Scotch young 
men, and came from a very Godly family. 
John Scott was a man of devout spirit and 
deep consecration. He w^as one of the first 
to fall among our early missionaries, in 
March, 1892. 

Clara Stromberg 
Clara Stromberg was a bright, talented, 
beautiful, Swedish girl. Her farewell at 
the Gospel Tabernacle in May, 1892, was a 
memorable scene to all who were present. 
By testimony and song she witnessed for 
Christ with a face radiant with the light of 
heaven. She was called home, after being 



Our Honored Dead 195 

only a few weeks on the field, in July, 1892. 
In her Bible, she wrote, *'Born once in 
Sweden; born again in Providence. Meet 
me in the air with Jesus from the Sudan 
when He comes.'' 

Mary Washburn 

Miss Washburn sailed for the Congo in 
May, 1892, and died in July of the same 
year. She met with a serious accident 
which developed into the fatal African 
fever. Her life was wholly devoted to God, 
and she exerted a strong influence during 
her brief period of service. 

Mr. and Mrs. Jennings Falcon 

Of this Godly couple, it may be said that 
they were pleasant and beautiful in their 
lives and in their death they were not di- 
vided. Mr. Falcon was a child of the Gos- 
pel Tabernacle of New York. He dropped 
dead suddenly while running across the 
compound at Vungu, in February, 1893, 
and Mrs. Falcon did not long survive her 
husband. There is abundant testimony to 
the bravery, patience and sweetness of this 
young life. 

Fred Calderack 

Mr. Calderack sailed for the Congo in 



196 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

May, 1892, and died the following year. 
Strength, energy and devotion were the 
keynotes of his life. 

Miss M. Jameison 

Miss Jameison went to the field from 
New England in May, 1892, and gave her 
life as a sacrifice in the fall of the year. 
"How beautiful are the feet of them that 
preach the Gospel of peace and bring glad 
tidings of good things" (Rom. 10:15). 
Albert Horn 

Albert Horn went to his reward in 1893. 
He was a beloved and trusted brother, and 
his memory deserves to be cherished as one 
of the immortal names who have given 
their lives for Africa. 

Ardella Riggs 

May, 1892, was the year that Miss Riggs 
went to the field, and 1894 was the year of 
her death. She is remembered as a lovely, 
gifted girl, well-known in the homeland, 
and deeply mourned by the missionary 
band in Africa. 

Harriett Richardson 

Miss Richardson died at Vungu early in 
1895. "She was a woman of strong faith 
and deep spiritual character, and during her 



Our Honored Dead 197 

short life on the field was made a great 
blessing to her fellow-workers." 

William Walsh 
This good and noble man died at Boma, 
in 1895, laying down his life willingly as a 
sacrifice for Africa. 

Fred Jorgenson 
This noble Swede was a large man, both 
physically and spiritually. He yielded up 
his life in the summer of 1895. ''He did 
every task, whether small or great, as unto 
the Lord. No work was too common to be 
done faithfully and cheerfully." 

Annette Wilson 
Miss Wilson died soon after reaching the 
Congo, in July, 1895. ''Strong and true" 
describes her character. She had been a 
school teacher, and was somewhat gifted 
with her pen. It is recalled that she had a 
remarkable spiritual discernment, and a 
strong and quick sense of humor. 

Frank Avery 
Mr. Avery sailed for the field in May, 
1896, and lived only a few weeks. He is 
remembered as a quiet, humble, devoted 
man. 



198 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

Louise Collins 

Miss Collins sailed in May, 1896, and 
lived only a short time after reaching the 
field. She had been active in Christian 
work in the Baptist Church in Greenpoint, 
Brooklyn. She was a lovely character, with 
a sweet, mild disposition. Before leaving 
the homeland, she told her mother not to 
trouble herself if she should have a grave 
in Africa, as this would be the most blessed 
thing that could happen to her. Her short 
life made a most profound impression upon 
the natives, who built a wall around her 
grave and almost worshiped it. 
William Macomber 

Mr. Macomber was a man of rare spirit- 
ual character and exceptional gifts. He 
sang the Gospel with great power, and 
wrote a number of hymns, particularly on 
the subject of the Lord's Return. While 
returning home sick on furlough, he died 
and was buried at Lisbon, Portugal. Of 
him it may be said, "He being dead yet 
speaketh." 

Mrs. Annie Symington 

Mrs. Symington was from the Gospel 
Tabernacle in New York, and was a woman 



Our Honored Dead 199 

of beautiful spirit, and strong and courage- 
ous faith. She died at sea, while returning 
from the Congo in the spring of 1897, and 
was buried in the Canary Islands. 
John Bullerkist 

John Bullerkist had been a German ship 
carpenter, and did perhaps more than any- 
one else in building new stations on the 
field. The circumstances of his death in 
1898 were pathetic. ''He had toiled long 
and hard, and was very tired. He wrote to 
the Board for permission to come home for 
a rest, and before the answer came was 
taken sick. His testimony was always 
clear.'* 

Alfred P. Woodcock 

Mr. Woodcock was a remarkable trophy 
of grace. For a time, he was Acting Super- 
intendent of our Congo Mission and was in 
every way a strong man, loved and trusted 
by the missionaries. His death in 1898 was 
due to his fidelity to the work. His appeals 
for missions in the homeland can never be 
forgotten. Tn his last address, speaking to 
young men, he said : ''Dear fellows, I want 
to say to you, all things are now ready; 
come over and help us. But before you 



200 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

come, consider these things: (i) know 
God; (2) know of a surety that God wants 
you in Congo land; (3) brass and courage, 
or, as Mr. Meritt calls it, stickability, are 
required; (4) soldiers are needed, — all can- 
not be commanders or captains." 
Hugo P. Schielde 

Mr. Schelde sailed in May, 1896, and died 
the following year. He was an intensely 
spiritual man. In one of his last letters, he 
wrote, "I see that a good missionary ought 
to be a walking encyclopedia. Please pray 
that I may be kept simple, humble and pa- 
tient." 

Ernest Biber 

Ernest Biber was born in Switzerland 
but educated in this country. Before going 
to the Congo he was engaged in tent work 
with Rev. J. E. Ramseyer. He had a gift 
of illustrating spiritual truth with a crayon. 
Though but a few months on the field he 
won the hearts of the natives. He died 
from sunstroke in November, 1890. 
William Wallbrook 

Mr. Wallbrook went to the field in the 
spring of 1895, and died in the homeland in 
February, 1899. He was a choice spirit, 



Our Honored Dead 201 

and was a man of high ideals. At the time 
of his death, he was pastor of the Gospel 
Church in College Point, N. Y. As a tribute 
to his memory, a little book of poems and 
extracts from his diary has been published. 
He exerted a strong influence in winning 
men to Christ and in promoting the deepest 
spiritual life among his fellow-laborers. 

Mrs. Louise Muick Gardner 
Mrs. Gardner died in the Congo in 1898. 
*'She had a small body and was a marvel of 
endurance, and always was quiet and 
sweet.'* 

Mrs. Broome P. Smith 
Mrs. Smith died in 1898, after being only 
a few weeks on the field. ''She had a blessed 
ministry among the Coast people at Boma. 
Her character and work were a great bene- 
diction to the mission." 

Mrs. Stevenson 
This woman, the first wife of Alva 
Stevenson, sailed for Congo in the spring 
of 1896. After furlough she returned with 
true bravery, leaving her baby in this coun- 
try. She was a faithful woman, humble 
and quiet in spirit. 



202 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

Mrs. Annie C. McDonald 
Mrs. McDonald went to the Congo in 
1S94, and was called home in June, 1909. 
*'She was dauntless, as was proven when 
six weeks after landing there, she became 
a widow, but instead of retreating into se- 
clusion, she illustrated to the heathen the 
consolations of Christ and strengthened her 
brethren, whom she might justly have left 
to bear the greater burden of the battle." 

Lucy Villars 

Miss Villars went to her eternal rest from 
the Congo in September, 1909. ''Our sister 
is remembered by us for a unique bright- 
ness of spirit, queenly, sweet and winsome, 
and most devoted to the women of the Con- 
go.'' Her ''Life Scenes from Congo Land" 
could not be imitated by anyone, and shows 
us what impressions Divine love must have 
left of her upon forlorn hearts out there. 
Raymond U. Spielman 

Mr. Spielman went to the field in the 
spring of 191 1, and died in December, 1912. 
Mr. Spielman was a successful soul-win- 
ner. He used to delight to fill his pockets 
with tracts and spend the day on the streets 
of New York button-holing men and lead- 



Our Honored Dead 203 

ing them to Christ. He displayed great 
energy in curing and selling snake skins 
to help meet the expenses of his going to 
the Congo. 

Alva Stevenson 
This man, who died outside our mission 
was an earnest, indefatigable worker. His 
spirit was peculiarly humble and sweet. He 
understood the natives remarkably well 
and got along with them finely. He never 
spared himself, but plodded on for years 
preaching far and near with great zeal. His 
widow survives him. 

Japan 

Dr. James P. Ludlow 
Dr. Ludlow, one of our pioneer mission- 
aries, was born in South Carolina, in 1833. 
With his wife he went to Japan in 1888, re- 
maining in active and fruitful service till 
1891. Our brother did a wide and varied 
work through an interpreter, by preaching 
and by Bible and tract distribution reach- 
ing with the Gospel all classes and condi- 
tions of both foreigners and Japanese. He 
passed away in Seattle, Washington, May 
7, 1898. Dr. Ludlow was a man of schol- 



204 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

arly tastes and attainments, of exception- 
al ability, and of deep spirituality. 

Hayti, West Indies 

Mrs. Julia Langley 

Mrs. Julia Langley spent several years 
in missionary work under the Alliance on 
the island of Hayti at Port au Prince. Mrs. 
Langley was a converted Roman Catholic, 
and a woman of very decided convictions 
and principles and most earnest consecra- 
tion. She returned to this country on ac- 
count of broken health. The last months 
of her life were spent in the Faith Home of 
Mrs. Campbell, Brooklyn, where she was 
greatly respected and beloved, and left a 
profound impression of faith and godli- 
ness. 

Alliance Leaders and Home Workers 

Ellen A. Griffin 

Nellie Griffin, as she was affectionately 
called, was born in Binghamton, New 
York. Left a half-orphan in early life with 
others dependent upon her, she developed 
those qualities of self-reliance and energy 
which afterwards became so prominent in 
her life. "At the age of fourteen she was 



Our Honored Dead 205 

teaching a public school, although almost 
all she herself knew was self-taught. She 
had a quick, penetrating and logical mind, 
and a good literary style, and in the last 
two years of her life became a most useful 
writer, having contributed to ''Word, Work 
and World'' a number of the most valuable 
articles on Home and City Missions. There 
was, indeed, material on hand for an inter- 
esting volume on the work of Dr. Judson, 
Jerry McAuley, the Howard Mission and 
other sketches." 

Raised a Roman Catholic, Miss Griffin 
was converted by Mr. Sankey during the 
Moody and Sankey meetings in the Hippo- 
drome in New York City in 1876. She at 
once engaged in City Mission work and led 
hundreds of souls to Christ. She was one 
of the first members of the Gospel Taber- 
nacle and was perfectly healed of long- 
standing heart trouble. When Berachah 
Home was opened in 1884 she became one 
of the deaconesses, giving herself unreserv- 
edly to ministering to the sick and suffer- 
ing. After a lingering illness she died from 
tuberculosis, February 18, 1887. She passed 
through a great spiritual conflict, but won 



2o6 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

a glorious victory of eternal peace. A strong 
sense of justice, supreme loyalty of heart to 
her convictions, absolute disinterestedness, 
unwavering faith, self-sacrificing love, — 
these were the predominant traits of Miss 
Griffin's character. 

Rev. Robert Roden 

Mr. Roden was one of the teachers in the 
Missionary Training Institute in the early 
days in New York City. He had been a 
Methodist minister. He was a scholar of 
high attainments and had fine literary taste. 
He was an excellent Bible teacher of thor- 
ough training and long experience. Spirit- 
ually, he was a man full of faith and the 
Holy Ghost. He diffused the savor of the 
knowledge of Christ, and his fragrant mem- 
ory is a precious heritage. 

Harriet A. Waterbury 

Harriet Waterbury was a teacher in the 
Missionary Training Institute, in New 
York City, and also associate editor of our 
weekly paper. By birth and early training 
she was a Quakeress, and for some years 
was principal of a public school. Miss 
Waterbury was an exceptional teacher. Her 



Our Honored Dead 207 

courses in Bible Doctrine and Church His- 
tory were among the strongest ever given 
in the Institute. Her work on the paper 
was of the highest order. She had the edi- 
torial instinct, and was an able and popu- 
lar writer. She died in Berachah Home, in 
1891. Harriet Waterbury had a strong per- 
sonality and a gracious and winning manner, 
which attracted and won hosts of friends. .Of 
her Dr. Wilson said : ''And dear Miss Water- 
bury, than whom no truer heart ever beat 
in sympathy with the trials and triumphs of 
this Alliance work." 

Henry W. Burnham 

*'0n October 13, 1897, there entered into 
rest that sweet, simple-hearted man of God, 
tender as a woman and simple as a child in 
his faith, Mr. H. W. Burnham, of Ken- 
wood, New York." For years Mr. Burn- 
ham was treasurer of our Society. He was 
a firm believer and staunch supporter of the 
Fourfold Gospel. In his last years he was 
a venerable figure, even patriarchal in ap- 
pearance, and was highly respected and 
greatly beloved by all who knew him. 
Rev. Charles N. Kinney 

Charles N. Kinney, of Ossining, New 



2o8 Twenty-five Wonderful Yean 

York, was for years president of the Inter- 
national Missionary Alliance. He really 
gave his life to the cause of missions, his 
daughter Helen in the early years having 
gone to Japan under our Board. He passed 
away in March, 1907. ''No more simple- 
hearted child of God, no more prayerful 
spirit, no one with a clearer vision of 
Jesus, and of our calling and work in Him 
as an Alliance, no more generous giver, 
both according to, and beyond his means, 
no man more deeply loved by all who knew 
him, ever formed a part of our Society or 
held ofifice among its members, than 
Charles N. Kinney." Mrs. Kinney, who 
died in 1897, was one of the oldest and 
truest friends of our work. Her life was 
greatly used of God and richly honored 
with His blessing. 

John Conley 
John Conley was a princely merchant of 
Pittsburgh. He carried the spirit of busi- 
ness enterprise into the Lord's work. He 
was indeed a modern Barnabas. Mr. Con- 
ley founded our Palestine mission, and sup- 
ported Miss Dunn's work there till the 
close of his life. At the same time his heart 



Our Honored Dead 209 

was in home missions. To him the com- 
ing of the Lord was a blessed and living 
hope. He was a member of the Board of 
Managers. He went to his reward July 25, 
1897. 

S. R. WiLMOT 

Mr. Wilmot was the first president of the 
International Missionary Alliance. In his 
home town, Bridgeport, Connecticut, he 
built the Berean Church, and his commodi- 
ous home was the hospitable headquarters 
of the Lord's servants. He was a simple, 
unostentatious man, quiet and modest in 
demeanor and consecrated and self-sacri- 
ficing in spirit. From the wall of our Mis- 
sion Room in New York Mr. Wilmot's 
kindly face looks down in inspiration and 
benediction. Our brother went to be with 
the Lord in 1897. 

Major Oliver M. Brown 
Major Brown died at the Soldiers' Home, 
Sandusky, Ohio, November 25, 1910. "For 
many years his home has been at Beulah 
Park, where his venerable figure was al- 
ways in evidence at the annual convention, 
as well as in all regular meetings. He was 



2IO Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

eighty-five years of age at death. He was 
an oak of Bashan or cedar of Lebanon, 
flourishing in old age. To the chaplain of 
the Home he remarked, when repeating the 
text, 'I have fought a good fight, I have 
kept the faith,' or 'rather,' said he with em- 
phasis, 'the faith has kept me all these 
years.' He was a veteran of the civil war. 
He was the founder of the Faith Mission- 
ary Society, the founder of the Christian 
Alliance of the State of Ohio, and for years 
the president of the state organization of 
our Society." 

Thomas A. Cullen 

Mr. Cullen met his death by drowning, in 
Portland, Oregon, October 6, 1909. He was 
district superintendent of the Northwest. 
"He was in the full flush of early manhood, 
not yet thirty-three years of age. Fifteen 
years before he had been radically convert- 
ed to God, and had given up all to Christ, to 
be His missionary. In Peru he had served 
in independent capacity for some years, un- 
til compelled to retire to this country tem- 
porarily for his wife's sake. He had taken 
high rank among us spiritually and in the 



Our Honored Dead 211 

qualities of a safe, strong leader. God had 
done great things for him and his, so that 
the prospect was good of their returning 
soon to South America, when, in seeking to 
save his little child from drowning, he was 
engulfed himself, though a strong, practiced 
swimmer, in a treacherous place." 
Mrs. M. S. Black 

Mrs. Black, of Detroit, Michigan, who 
died July 9, 1909, was a liberal friend of our 
work. "She was a woman of great abili- 
ties, large possessions, but most consecra- 
ted, trustful, and peaceful, triumphant, 
spirtual in discernment, and generous 
though unobtrusive benevolence.'' 
Mrs. O. E. Mallory 

This Godly woman, the wife of the Rev. 
O. E. Mallory, one of the honorary vice- 
presidents of the Society, and the mother 
of Mrs. M. B. Fuller, of India, was remark- 
ably healed in her earlier life and devoted 
her energies as a thanksliving to her God. 
Her children are her best memorial. She 
died in 1901. 

Mrs. J. C. Crawford 

Mrs. J. C. Crawford, wife of the superin- 
tendent of the Western district, who died 



212 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

at Boone, Iowa, November lo, 1909, "was 
a sweet and accomplished musican, devot- 
ing her talents to God's praise and the 
training of young men and women, a wom- 
an of fragrant and winning spirit, pecu- 
liarly so to the young. No less than forty- 
five young men and women appeared in her 
Bible class the first Sunday after her de- 
parture to call her name blessed/' 
Dr. Amelia Barnett 
This good woman, who died December 
26, 1897, at the ripe age of eighty-four, may 
be claimed not only by the Gospel Taber- 
nacle but by the larger Alliance constitu- 
ency. For years she was associated with 
Dr. Lozier in the Woman's College of Med- 
icine in New York City. She was a woman 
of strong character and decided opinions, 
yet of exalted Christian faith, and with a 
heart full of sympathy and tenderness for 
the sick and suffering. She was known as 
the ''Good Samaritan.'' For years Dr. Bar- 
nett rendered invaluable assistance in Be- 
rachah Home as consultant. Although she 
practiced medicine, yet, through her own 
restoration from valvular heart disease, she 
firmly believed in Divine Healing without 



Our Honored Dead 213 

the use of means; and in cases where the 
mind of the Lord was clearly revealed, her 
simple faith and believing prayer were 
often instrumental in full restoration to 
health. 

Mrs. Margaret J. Clark 
^'Mother Clark'' had been an evangelist 
in the Methodist Church, and had labored 
with Mrs. Maggie Van Cott. After a re- 
markable healing from heart disease she 
joined the Alliance, and for a score of years 
was a familiar figure in the Gospel Taber- 
nacle, New York, and at many of our larger 
eastern conventions. She loved the Four- 
fold Gospel and was an able and faithful 
witness to the power of the risen and glori- 
fied Christ to save and sanctify, to heal and 
satisfy. Mrs. Clark went to be with the 
Lord in 1906. 

Rev. James Lyall 
Although born in Scotland, Mr. Lyall 
came to this country when a youth and re- 
ceived his education at Oberlin College. At 
a Beulah Park Convention in the early days 
he came in touch with the Alliance, and 
was greatly blessed. He developed rare 
evangelistic gifts, and held meetings in var- 



214 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

ious parts of the United States and 
throughout Great Britain. He made a tour 
of India, and following up the Torrey and 
Alexander campaign visited New Zealand 
and Australia, returning home richly re- 
warded in having been instrumental in the 
salvation of souls and in the deepening of 
the spiritual lives of believers. For a short 
time Mr. Lyall was a Field Superintendent 
of the Alliance. He died early in January, 
1910, from anaemia, contracted while en 
route to India years before. "He was a 
man of distinct and noble pattern, strong in 
the Lord and strong for souls and the cause 
of Christ. His great themes were the real- 
ity and preciousness of the atoning blood, 
the personal, mighty Spirit, and the living 
Word of God. He was delightful in fellow- 
ship, and mighty in service, given to prayer 
and the ministry of the Word.'' 

Rev. John E. Cookman, D.D. 
John Cookman had an honored ancestry. 
His grandfather was a Wesleyan preacher 
in England, while his father, his brother 
Alfred, and he himself were ministers of 
the Methodist Episcopal Church. In this 
connection it may be added that his son is 



Our Honored Dead 215 

also a Methodist preacher. 

Mr. Cookman's father, the Rev. George 
G. Cookman, was a man of commanding 
ability, who had a national reputation as an 
orator and was at one time chaplain of the 
United States Senate. He was lost at sea 
on the ill-fated steamer ''President'' in 1850. 
Mrs. Cookman was a very godly woman, 
of remarkable sweetness and strength of 
character. Of an older brother, Alfred 
Cookman, it may be truly said that he was 
one of the saints of the Christian church. 
A half century ago he was one of the most 
prominent advocates of holiness in the 
country. His dying testimony, in 1870, 
was: ''I am sweeping through the gates, 
washed in the blood of the Lamb.'' 

John was saved in Philadelphia, when a 
lad, in later years attributing his conver- 
sion to the faith and prayers of his mother 
and the example and influence of Alfred. 
Early in his Christian experience he made a 
profession of the Wesleyan doctrine of 
sanctification. With the exception of three 
years in Boston, his ministry of over a 
quarter of a century was spent in and near 
New York City. Mr. Cookman inherited 



2i6 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

from both parents a nervous temperament. 
Moreover, he had a weak heart, and for 
many years suffered intensely from insom- 
nia and depression, several times breaking 
down from nervous prostration. After an 
unusually severe and prolonged attack of 
heart failure, he was remarkably healed in 
December, 1883. The Lord appeared to 
him in a vision, and said : ^*I am thy Heal- 
er, thy Sanctifier, thy Saviour, and thy 
Lord." Soon afterwards he became asso- 
ciated with Mr. Simpson in the work of the 
Alliance. Some little time before his death, 
which occurred in 1891, Mr. Cookman, for 
personal reasons, left the ministry of the 
Methodist Church and entered the priest- 
hood of the Protestant Episcopal Church. 

John Cookman was God's gift to the Al- 
liance in the early years. For those who 
were associated with him no pen sketch is 
needed to refresh the memory, while to 
those who never knew or heard him no 
words can give an adequate impression of 
this unique man. East and west, north and 
south he toured the country with Mr. Simp- 
son, not only glowingly proclaiming but ra- 
diantly exemplifying the glorious Gospel 



Our Honored Dead 217 

of the Fulness of Jesus. His distinguished 
family connections, his wide influence, his 
blameless walk, his eloquent lips, his safe 
and sane presentation of the Fourfold Gos- 
pel, — these various factors, combined with 
a gracious charm of personality and an 
Apostolic enduement of the Holy Ghost, 
clothed his public utterances with tremen- 
dous power. The fact is, the man was a 
veritable dynamo of spiritual energy. He 
seemed never to tire. He was indeed a 
"burning and a shining light." Of dear 
John Cookman his friends and associates 
may well say: 

"Take him all in all, we ne'er shall see his 
like again.'* 

Rev. David W. Le Lacheur 
David Le Lacheur was of French Hugue- 
not descent. He was born in Prince Ed- 
ward's Island, in 1841. He gave his heart 
to the Lord when fourteen years of age. He 
was educated at Mount Allister College. 
Ordained as a Wesleyan preacher, he later 
became a Methodist minister and was a 
member of the Maine Conference. He was 
pastor at Lewiston, Hallowell, Biddeford, 
and at Pine Street, Portland. He organ- 



2i8 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

ized an independent work in Portland, 
building the Vaughn Street Church, of 
which he was pastor for ten years. 

Mr Le Lacheur was a member of the Old 
Orchard Camp Meeting Association, on the 
grounds of which the Old Orchard Conven- 
tion is held. In this way he became ac- 
quainted and later connected with the Alli- 
ance. Responding to a Divine call, in 1893 
he went to Singapore, intending to engage 
in missionary work in the Philippine Is- 
lands; but the door being closed, he landed 
in China. Here he became the superinten- 
dent of our three missions, making some 
extraordinary tours, in one instance pene- 
trating to the eastern borders of Thibet. 
Returning home in 1898, he was for two 
years Field Superintendent. In the fall of 
1900 Mr. Le Lacheur undertook by request 
of the Board of Managers a deputational 
visitation of our missions in the Orient. He 
had been to Japan, China, the Philip- 
pine Islands, India, and had reached Pales- 
tine, whence the Board expected him to re- 
turn direct to the Homeland. The needs of 
our African missions, however, strongly 
appealed to him. Consequently, against the 



Our Honored Dead 219 

better judgment of his associates on the 
Board and in an infirm state of health he 
went to Sierra Leone, to visit our Soudan 
Mission. He had scarcely reached Free- 
town, when in that torrid, deadly climate 
he was stricken with the aggravation of a 
chronic trouble. He fought bravely, but 
against too heavy odds. He died and was 
buried in Freetown, June 16, 1901. 

Mr. Le Lacheur was an untiring worker, — 
a brave warrior and a faithful witness, as 
much as any martyr sealing his testimony 
with his life. He had a rugged, fearless na- 
ture, yet an attractive, winning personality. 
He was witty, good at repartee, and had a 
well developed sense of humor. Moreover, 
he had varied gifts : he was equally at home 
in giving a spiritual message from the pul- 
pit and in delivering a missionary address 
on the platform. As a missionary pioneer 
on the confines of the Chinese Empire, he 
was intrepid; as a convention speaker, 
pleading the cause of the heathen world, he 
was magnetic ; as a counsellor in the Board 
or on deputational visits he was wise ; while 
in the closer and more intimate circles of 



220 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

friendship and affection he was loyal, ten- 
der, and loving. 

Rev. Wilbur Fisk Meminger 
Wilbur Meminger's father, the Rev. 
William McKean Meminger, of the Metho- 
dist Episcopal Chuch, is described as ''an 
intellectual giant, a man of deep spiritual- 
ity, a Hebrew, Greek and Latin scholar, 
ever ready to give his children instruction." 
His mother was Rebecca Watts, a charm- 
ing Virginia woman, and a descendant of 
Isaac Watts, the hymn writer. The boy 
was born in Hedgesville, Va., April 29, 

1851. 

Wilbur received a good education, devel- 
oping a rather extraordinary talent for ora- 
tory and elocution. When Fort Sumpter 
was fired on, the lad offered his services to 
the Union! Somewhat later he was again 
disappointed in his ambition to go to An- 
napolis. At the age of twenty-two he was 
converted in a Methodist revival. 

Mr. Meminger entered business in Ty- 
rone, Pennsylvania, and took an active part 
in church work, becoming in succession 
Sunday School teacher, steward, class lead- 
er, trustee, exhorter, local preacher, and 



Our Honored Dead 221 

finally Sunday School superintendent in the 
Methodist Church. It is enough to say 
that he filled each position with spiritual 
efficiency. Responding to a Divine call to 
preach, Mr. Meminger, while continuing in 
business, held evangelistic meetings in near 
by towns, being instrumental in the salva- 
tion of hundreds of souls. Through the 
ministry of Amanda Smith at Pitman 
Grove camp meeting he entered into the ex- 
perience of 'Terfect Love.'' 

It was through a sentence in a letter 
from Stephen Merritt, reading, "I believe 
in the Fourfold Gospel,'' that Mr. Memin- 
ger first learned of the Alliance, whose 
teaching and testimony concerning the 
fulness of Jesus he soon thereafter heartily 
accepted. Indeed, he was made president 
of the new branch of our Society in his 
home town. This was in 1895. About this 
time he was compelled to abandon his evan- 
gelistic work on account of a bad throat, 
entailing loss of voice. This was a chronic 
trouble, the result of diphtheria in early 
life. But while attending an Alliance meet- 
ing in Altoona he was remarkably healed. 

In 1897 Mr. Meminger was called to take 



222 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

charge of the work of the Alliance in Chi- 
cago. Here he remained for three years. 
During this time he had an extraordinary 
ministry. The field was an exceptionally 
hard one. But he not only built up the 
work but extended its influence far and 
wide. Remarkable instances of conversion, 
remarkable cases of healing, in fact remark- 
able events along many lines were common 
occurrences. The man himself left his im- 
press on the city, so that in later life he 
was glad to be known as "The little man 
from Chicago." 

In 1900 our brother became Field Super- 
intendent, for nine years going everywhere 
throughout the country extending the 
teaching and organizing the work of the 
Alliance. October 6, 1909, while address- 
ing a street meeting near the Gospel Taber- 
nacle, New York, he fell, and within a few 
minutes had gone to be with the Lord. 

The life of Mr. Meminger, prepared by 
his widow, makes unnecessary any attempt 
at characterization. The man was not a 
type. He was in a class by himself. When 
the Lord made him, He broke the mould. 
Wilbur Meminger could have no successor. 



Our Honored Dead 223 

Four things about him, however, may be 
recalled to mind. First, he was a living 
epistle. He believed the whole Gospel, and 
he exemplified the whole Gospel. Second, 
he was a thrilling speaker. He had extraor- 
dinary descriptive power. He could paint 
a scene with dramatic realism. Third, he 
was an original worker. He caught the 
spirit but did not follow the methods of the 
Salvation Army. To him the Lord was the 
Captain of our salvation ; the believer was a 
soldier; and the Christian life was a war- 
fare. Many of his field reports read like 
the telegraphic dispatches of a command- 
ing general from the firing line of battle. 
And fourth, he was a man of prayer. He 
lived on his knees, and when he got hold 
of the horns of the altar of intercession 
things had to give way. 

Mrs. Jennie Frow Fuller 
Jennie Frow was born in Winchester, 
Ohio, December 16, 1851. She was con- 
verted in early life, and taught school when 
she was sixteen. At the age of nineteen she 
attended Normal School at Lebanon, Ohio. 
Here she gave her life wholly to God for 
any service He might have for her. 



224 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

In 1873 Miss Frow entered Oberlin Col- 
lege, where under the strong influence of 
President Finney her religious views de- 
veloped and her spiritual life ripened. Mr. 
Finney's teaching concerning the important 
place of the will in Christian experience 
profoundly impressed her. Later in he: 
own ministry she made the will prominent 
in a holy walk. Miss Frow left Oberlin at 
the close of her junior year, and responding 
to a call from Albert Norton for reinforce- 
ments in 1876 sailed for India, where for 
three and a half years she labored at EUich- 
pur, in Berar. During the famine season 
of 1877-1878 she was active in relief work, 
and experienced many striking instances of 
Divine providence and answered prayer. 

In 1880 Miss Frow returned to America 
on furlough, the following year becoming 
Mrs. M. B. Fuller, and in 1882 returning 
with her husband to Akola, Berar, where 
they had a fruitful ministry. The years 
1890-1892 were spent by Mrs. Fuller in the 
homeland, her headquarters being at 
North Chili, New York, in a Free Metho- 
dist community. The time was spent in 
needed rest and in earnest advocacy of for- 



Our Honored Dead 225 

eign missions. In 1892 Mr. and Mrs. Ful- 
ler became the superintendents of our Alli- 
ance mission in India, returning to the field 
with a large number of new missionaries, 
which by 1894 was swelled to sixty. It was 
in this year that the Gujerati field was 
opened. Bombay became the new head- 
quarters. From here Mrs. Fuller made fre- 
quent and painstaking visitations to all the 
stations, establishing the work and 
strengthening the missionaries. Her work 
was of incalculable blessing. 

In 1897 the death of little Jeannie Fuller, 
aged six, brought a great sorrow to her par- 
ents on the eve of their departure for the 
homeland. Here, however, they remained 
only a brief season, and were back on Ihe 
field early in 1898. For the next two years 
Mrs. Fuller's labors were indefatigable, 
both for her missionary associates and for 
the famine sufferers. Indeed, her unself- 
ish and unstinting service was shared by 
mission workers of other Boards. In the 
spring of 1900, while in a weakened condi- 
tion from overwork, Mrs. Fuller was strick- 
en with cholera. She lingered for thirteen 
weeks. For a time strong hope was enter- 



226 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

tained for her recovery; but heart and lung 
complications developed, and she passed to 
her eternal rest, June 21st. Her funeral 
service was widely representative of for- 
eign and native religious interests in India, 
and memorial tributes appeared throughout 
the entire country as well as in England 
and America. 

Mrs. Fuller was the best known and best 
loved missionary in Western India. Dr. 
Wilson called her "the woman apostle to 
the women of India." Indeed, this godly 
and gifted little woman's name is worthy to 
stand side by side with the name of any 
missionary in any country in any century. 
Higher or juster praise one could not give. 
A memorial volume, ''A Life for God in 
India,'' has been prepared by Helen S. 
Dyer, of that country. But perhaps Mrs. 
Fuller's best memorial is her "Wrongs of 
Indian Womanhood," a missionary classic. 
Besides this she wrote a little book on 
"God's Care," a tract on "Convenant Prom- 
ises to Parents," and was a frequent and 
valued contributor not only to our own Al- 
liance Weekly, but also to the Bombay 
Guardian. 



Our Honored Dead 227 

Rev. Henry Wilson, D.D. 

Henry Wilson was born in Peterborough, 
Canada, April 20, 1841. His father was a 
master in one of the Canadian schools. 
Winning the Wellington Scholarship, he 
entered Trinity College, Toronto, from 
which he took several degrees, receiving 
the highest and last, that of Doctor of Di- 
vinity, in 1883. When he left college he 
was broken in health. 

Entering the priesthood of the Church of 
England, Dr. Wilson became curate of the 
Cathedral of St. George's, in Kingston, 
Canada. Here and at the parish church in 
Cateraqui he had a successful ministry '>f 
seventeen years. During this time he 
passed through deep trial in the loss of 
both his first and second wives, and in the 
drowning of his only boy, a child of seven 
years. 

"It was in Kingston that the great crisis 
and turning point in his life came. The 
Salvation Army up to that time was an un- 
known factor. On its arrival, despite his 
high churchly standing, he boldly and un- 
compromisingly stood up for its principles, 
defended its methods, answered its critics, 



228 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

ahd later in life sealed his intense devotion 
to its cause by giving his elder daughter to 
its service. He was influenced to take .ais 
step chiefly because at the mourners' bench 
in one of the Army meetings he himself had 
come into the experimental knowledge of 
the Lord Jesus Christ as his Saviour. But 
his attitude toward the Army cost him his 
living. His Dean gave him his choice. He 
made it, and leaving behind him the work 
of seventeen years, a city full of heart- 
broken friends, three lonely little graves in 
a country churchyard (which church he 
had labored for years to build for the peo- 
ple of that district, and where he now lies) 
he went forth, not knowing whither he 
went, taking with him his two motherless 
little girls.'' 

In 1884 Dr. Wilson became head assist- 
ant of the clergy house of Saint George's 
Episcopal Church, in New York, of which 
Dr. W. S. Rainsford was rector. He was 
instrumental in opening Avenue A Mission. 
It was toward the close of his seven years' 
ministry here that Dr. Wilson became as- 
sociated with the Alliance. This was 
through his healing in the old Twenty-third 



Our Honored Dead 229 

Street Theater. From college days he had 
been the victim of chronic dyspepsia, ca- 
tarrhal and throat trouble, and nervous de- 
pression, resulting m severe invalidism. 
But under the teaching of Mr. Simpson he 
was anointed and made a new man physic- 
ally as a few years before he had been 
made a new man spiritually in Christ Jesus. 

In 1891 Dr. Wilson became associate pas- 
tor of the Gospel Tabernacle. Here for 
ten years he had a blessed ministry. Be- 
sides being superintendent of the Sundae 
School he was for a time president of the 
International Missionary Alliance. In 1901 
he became Field Superintendent. "His du- 
ties called him to spend at least half his 
time in long and often trying journeys in 
every part of the United States and Canad .. 
He traveled tens of thousands of miles 
every year and visited scores of cities, 
towns, and villages from the Atlantic to 
the Pacific, and from Maine to Florida. 
Often he was exposed to inclement weath- 
er, railway breakdowns, damp and cold 
rooms, irregular living, and fatiguing la- 
bors. But he was always the same radiant 
and rejoicing example of the victorious !ife 



230 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

which he so beautifully portrayed/* In a 
quick transition from Canada to the South- 
land he contracted a heavy cold ; and while 
he was attending the Atlanta Convention 
double pneumonia developed, ending his 
life February 13, 1908, 

^Henry Wilson, One of God's Best,'* is 
the title of a memorial volume prepared by 
his daughter and Mr. Simpson. It is suffi- 
cient here to recall to mind four traits of his 
personality and four phases of his ministry. 

In appearance Dr. Wilson had a strong, 
noble face. ''His form was stately, athletic, 
erect. His bearing was dignified and grace- 
ful. His dress, while distinctly clerical, 
was yet simple and unconventional. His 
manners were polished but affable, free and 
unaffected. He was at home in any circle. 
He was always a gentleman.'' 

His scholarship was ripe and accurate. 
"His reading was of great range, especially 
along the lines of history, biography and 
the classics of general literature. He was 
a fine Greek and Latin scholar, and his 
Greek Testament was his constant com- 
panion." 

Our brother was radiantly cheerful and 



Our Honored Dead 231 

joyful. 'It was a settled uplift of soul that 
had set its face toward the sunrising and 
refused to look on the dark side, to be 
soured by sensitiveness or suspicion or al- 
low anything to cloud its sunshine or rob it 
of its victory." Blended with this sublime 
Christian optimism was a racial and per- 
sonal gift of wit and humor, which, while 
always controlled by the Holy Spirit, en- 
livened his public address and made him a 
genial and charming companion. 

Pre-eminently, Henry Wilson exempli- 
fied the life of the risen, glorified Christ. 
'The internal Christ" was the term he 
loved to use. Physically and mentally, as 
well as spiritually, his ready and glowing 
testimony was, ''Christ liveth in me." 

As a preacher. Dr. Wilson appealed to 
thoughtful minds, because he was intense- 
ly practical. He hated shams and held to 
a severe moral standard. Consistency was 
part of his very makeup. Moreover, he 
loved the lost and had a passion for souls. 
He was president of the Seaman's Chris- 
tian Association and chaplain of the Mag- 
dalene Home at Inwood-on-Hudson. 

As a counsellor, our brother was wise 



232 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

and strong. He was an influential member 
of the Board of Managers, and for years 
secretary of the India Mission. He made 
an important deputational visitation to 
Sweden in connection with the outgoing of 
a large company of missionaries from that 
country under our Board. 

As a writer, Dr. Wilson wielded a facile 
and graceful pen. He had a cultured, 
charming style. While he lived no one 
else was thought of to write the memorial 
paper for the Annual Council. Years ago 
he prepared a series of scholarly articles on 
'^Veins of Truth from the Mines of God/' 
At the time of his death he had nearly ready 
for publication material for a good sized 
memorial volume containing sketches of 
the lives of our deceased missionaries. He 
had also collected a number of photographs 
for the book. The writer hereby acknowl- 
edges his indebtedness to this incomplete 
but painstaking and thorough work for the 
conception, the plan and some of the mate- 
rial for this Appendix. 

But it is in connection with his work for 
the children that Dr. Wilson will live long- 
est in memory and affection. Shall we call 



Our Honored Dead 233 

him the apostle to children? Surely, we 
may, for he was their sympathizer and in- 
terpreter, their friend and lover. Not only 
the children of the Gospel Tabernacle and 
the entire Alliance, but the children of the 
whole world were on his heart. Five thou- 
sand children at home he enlisted in the 
support of 5,000 children in heathen lands, 
he himself assuming responsibility for 
1,000. Every week for years he edited a 
Children's Page in the Alliance Weekly, 
under the initials ''B. B. B/' signifying "Big 
Baby Brother/' Out of these weekly let- 
ters grew his book, ''Bible Lamps for Little 
Feet." 

Dr. John K. Smith 
Dr. J. K. Smith, of Harrisburg, Pennsyl- 
vania, was for many years the President 
of the Eastern District of the Christian and 
Missionary Alliance, and until his death 
recognized as a beloved and honored leader 
in the Alliance ;work. Although a promi- 
nent physician, he took a decided stand for 
the doctrine of Divine Healing, and was a 
loyal witness to the teaching and work of 
the Alliance. 



234 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

Mary Glover Davies. 
Mary Glover Davies, of England, was 
another of our honored fellow-workers. 
She spent several years in the United States 
in intimate personal and official relations to 
the work, and was for two years one of our 
field evangelists. She was a strong char- 
acter and a most effective platform speak- 
er; and her sturdy and impressive elo- 
quence made her a striking figure at our Al- 
liance conventions. She returned to Eng- 
land in 191 1 and the following year passed 
to her eternal reward. 

JOSEPHUS L. PULIS 

Mr. Pulis was one of the most impressive 
figures in all the history of the work. His 
earthly career closed in December, 1913. 
For more than thirty years he was inti- 
mately associated with the leaders of the 
movement. Indeed, he became attached to 
the personal work of Mr. Simpson years be- 
fore the Alliance was formally organized 
and was one of the seven who met one cold 
November afternoon in the Caledonian 
Hall, Eighth Avenue, New York, to organ- 
ize this humble movement. He was for 
years a member of the Board of Trustees, 



Our Honored Dead 235 

and elder in the Gospel Tabernacle Church, 
and the leader of the afternoon services in 
Berachah Chapel, where he came into close 
touch with hundreds of our people as they 
visited the city. Mr. Pulis was a man of 
strong personality, wonderfully saved, and 
sanctified wholly, and filled with the Holy 
Spirit, and the most consecrated and expe- 
rienced Christians counted it a privilege to 
sit at his feet and drink in the spirit and 
teachings of the Master from His anointed 
lips. 

Mrs. M. L. Cassilly 
One of the oldest friends and supporters 
of the Alliance work was Mrs. M. L. Cas- 
silly of East Forty-seventh Street, New 
York City. She was attracted to the Tab- 
ernacle and the special services conducted 
by Mr. Simpson away back in the eighties, 
and until her death in the year 1905 was a 
constant, and frequent, and generous sup- 
porter of the work. In the course of these 
years she gave tens of thousands of dollars 
to our missionary work and was a warm 
friend of many of the missionaries and the 
hostess of Mr. Le Lacheur and others dur- 
ing their furloughs. 



236 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

Sydney M. Whittemore 
The late Sydney Whittemore was another 
of the early official workers of the Alliance. 
He was the first President of what was then 
known as the International Missionary Al- 
liance, and his wife, who still survives him, 
Mrs. E. M. Whittemore, was for many 
years the Secretary and came into very 
close touch with the missionaries and the 
work during the first decade of its history. 
Mr. Whittemore was a prominent business 
man of New York City, and in his late years 
was honored by the rescue mission workers 
by his repeated election to the presidency 
of the Union of Mission Workers in the 
United States and Canada. He passed to 
his rest in February, 1914. 

Dr. a. J. Gordon 
Dr. A. J. Gordon, of Boston, while not 
officially connected with the Christian and 
Missionary Alliance, was one of its warm- 
est friends. He was a frequent speaker at 
our conventions and in the Gospel Taberna- 
cle, New York, and an intimate friend of 
the leader of the work. He was in full sym- 
pathy with the Alliance testimony and spe- 
cial aims of its missionary work, and a 



Our Honored Dead 237 

number of his own students from the Bos- 
ton Bible Training School became mission- 
aries of the Society. It is needless to speak 
of his lofty character and noble life and 
service. His memory will always be cher- 
ished by the older workers of the Alliance, 
and his spirit often seems to hover over our 
assemblies along with John Cookman and 
Henry Wilson, the three most unique fig- 
ures of all the history of these years. 

F. L. Chapell 
Second only to Dr. Gordon in the appre- 
ciation and love of our people was Dr. F. L. 
Chapell, who for nearly a score of years 
was in the closest and most active co-opera- 
tion with our Alliance work. Dr. Chapell 
was attracted to the early meetings in con- 
nection with Divine Healing, and fully ac- 
cepted the Alliance testimony on that sub- 
ject. He was a remarkable Bible student 
and a profound interpreter of the Scrip- 
tures, especially of dispensational and pro- 
phetic truth. He became the superinten- 
dent of the Boston Bible Training School 
during his later years. He was almost al- 
ways a prominent figure at our Old Or- 
chard and other annual conventions and a 



238 Twenty-five Wonderful Years 

frequent lecturer at the Missionary Train- 
ing Institute, New York and Nyack. 

Dr. James H. Brookes 
One of the most prominent figures in ad- 
vanced dispensational teaching a genera- 
tion ago was Dr. James H. Brookes, of St. 
Louis, who at that time was an intimate 
friend of the founder of the Alliance. In 
later years he strongly opposed the doctrine 
of Divine Healing, but by a singular provi- 
dence was led before the close of his life 
to embrace and bear public testimony to 
that truth, and the last two articles that he 
ever wrote were papers on the subject of 
Divine Healing under his name, published 
in the Christian and Missionary Alliance 
Weekly a few months before his death. It 
is a pleasure to bear testimony to this hon- 
ored leader and his fellowship in the truth 
even to the last. 



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